Aerosol dispenser with replaceable cartridge

ABSTRACT

Aerosolizing delivery apparatuses can include cartridges configured to be detachably connected to a delivery device. The cartridges can include: a housing defining a reservoir and a cartridge outlet, the cartridge outlet configured to permit fluid communication between the reservoir and an exterior of the cartridge. A surface of the housing can be configured to define a bypass port between the housing and a surface of the delivery device when the cartridge is assembled with the delivery device.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims benefit from U.S. Provisional Application No.61/656,507, filed Jun. 6, 2012, U.S. Provisional Application No.61/733,376, filed Dec. 4, 2012, U.S. Provisional Application No.61/765,259, filed Feb. 15, 2013, U.S. Provisional Application No.61/781,786, filed Mar. 14, 2013, the complete disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates generally to aerosolized particles and apparatusfor the containment, aerosolization, and/or delivery thereof.

BACKGROUND

Previous researchers have demonstrated that aerosolized particles can beused to deliver substances to various parts of the body. Certain designshave been proposed for utilizing these particles for drug delivery, anddevices and methods have been developed for the delivery ofaerosolizable products and uses thereof.

SUMMARY

Light, consumable particles can be drawn into a user's mouth fordeposition on surfaces of the mouth for consumption through transdermalsurfaces and/or through the digestive tract (e.g., ingestion via intakeinto the stomach and gastrointestinal tract by means of enteraladministration). However, when consuming particles that are sufficientlylight to be drawn into a user's mouth by inhalation or exhalation, onemust address the risk of those particles reaching the back of the mouthor lungs and causing coughing or other adverse events, especially whenthe goal is, for example, to provide taste, nourishment, dietarysupplementation, and/or medicinal delivery, involving the mouth, tongue,etc.

Therefore, approaches to deliver materials to the mouth via the airborneroute have largely (if not exclusively) focused on directed,non-breath-actuated delivery, where the force of the air current andsize of the particles are such that particle trajectories are primarilylimited to within the mouth.

We have developed an approach by which a casual or forced breathingmaneuver (such as normal inhalation or exhalation) can lead to thedelivery of food, drink, medicinal and/or various other particles to themouth, in which the transport of these particles with the flowing air,to the back of the throat and to the lungs, is limited. By controllingthe inertia and gravity of the particles (e.g., food particles), and bydirecting deposition forces, we can focus delivery of the particlestowards surfaces of the mouth, not reaching the back of the throat andlungs.

In some aspects, a cartridge configured to be detachably connected to adelivery device includes a housing defining a reservoir and a cartridgeoutlet, and the cartridge outlet is configured to permit fluidcommunication between the reservoir and an exterior of the cartridge. Asurface of the housing is configured to define a bypass port between thehousing and a surface of the delivery device when the cartridge isassembled with the delivery device.

The cartridge may include one or more of the following features: Whenconnected to the delivery device, the cartridge outlet is configured tobe in fluid communication with an inlet of the delivery device. Thehousing defines a cartridge inlet that is in fluid communication withair exterior to the device. The cartridge inlet is defined by a junctionof the cartridge and a surface of the delivery device. The cartridgeinlet is in fluid communication with an interior space of the deliverydevice. The cartridge comprises a closing mechanism operativelyconnected to at least one of the cartridge inlet and the cartridgeoutlet. The closing mechanism is at least one of a post-in-holestructure, a spring-actuated door, a slide lever, a living hinge, a flapvalve, a unidirectional valve, or combinations thereof. The cartridgefurther an actuator operatively connected to the closing mechanism. Thecartridge comprises an inner member, and an outer member slidablyinterconnected to the inner member to define the reservoir. The housingdefines a cartridge inlet that is in fluid communication with airexterior to the device, and the inner member is movable relative to theouter member, between a first position wherein at least one of thecartridge air inlet and the cartridge outlet are open, and a secondposition wherein at least one of the cartridge air inlet and thecartridge outlet are closed. The movement of the inner member relativeto the outer member actuates the at least one of an air inlet closingmechanism and an outlet closing mechanism.

The cartridge may also include one or more of the following additionalfeatures: The cartridge is detachably connected to the delivery deviceby a mounting carriage, a press fit, a magnetic retaining mechanism, atwist mechanism, a snap mechanism, a screw mechanism, a bayonet mountmechanism, or combinations thereof. The cartridge reservoir has a volumecapacity of between about ten (10) milligrams to about two (2) grams ofa product. When connected to the delivery device, the cartridge anddelivery device cooperate to permit a flow rate of between about ten(10) liters per minute and about sixty (60) liters per minute at avacuum pressure of about four kiloPascals. The reservoir has a variablevolume. The cartridge further includes a delivery device connectionportion and a base portion assembled with the delivery device connectionportion. The delivery device connection portion and a base portiondefines the reservoir within the cartridge, and the delivery deviceconnection portion is movable relative to the base portion between afirst position in which the reservoir has a first volume, and a secondposition in which the reservoir has a second volume. When the cartridgeis in the first position, the cartridge outlet is open so as to permitfluid communication between the reservoir and the exterior of thecartridge via the cartridge outlet, and when the cartridge is in thesecond position, the cartridge outlet is closed. The cartridge is atleast one of edible or biodegradable. The cartridge is edible and isformed of at least one of a starch, a grain-based food, a vegetable, ameat, a fruit, a dairy product, a sugary food, a nut, a confection, aplant product, processed edible products thereof, synthetic edibleproducts thereof, or combinations of edible products thereof. Thecartridge is edible and is formed of at least one of chocolate, bread,fruit, sugar, meat, pasta, processed forms thereof, or combinationsthereof. The cartridge is biodegradable and is formed of at least one ofa polyester, a polyhydroxyalkanoate, a polyanhydride, apolycaprolactone, a polydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, apolyhydroxybutyrate, a polylactic acid, a polypropylene carbonate, apolylactic-co-glycolic acid, apoly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), a polyvinyl alcohol, astarch derivative, a cellulose derivative, a cellulose ester, acellophane, an enhanced biodegradable plastic, compositional variantsthereof, or combinations thereof.

In some aspects, a cartridge that is configured to be detachablyconnected to a delivery device includes a housing defining a reservoir,an outlet configured to permit fluid communication between the reservoirand an exterior of the cartridge, and a closer disposed on the housing,the closer movable between a first position in which the outlet is opensuch that fluid communication exists between the reservoir and theexterior of the cartridge, and a second position in which the outlet isclosed, wherein a surface of the housing is configured to define abypass port between the housing and a surface of the delivery devicewhen the cartridge is assembled with the delivery device.

The cartridge may include one or more of the following features: Thehousing includes a first end configured to be connected to the deliverydevice, a second end opposed to the first end, and a sidewall extendingbetween the first end and the second end, the outlet is defined in thefirst end, and the closer comprises a door. The door includes a coverportion that overlies at least a portion of the first end, an actuatingportion that extends from the cover portion and protrudes outward fromthe cartridge in a direction normal to the sidewall, and a springmechanism disposed between the actuating portion and the sidewall, thespring mechanism biasing the door toward the second position. The closercomprises an umbrella valve that overlies the outlet. The closercomprises a cover plate that overlies the outlet, the cover plateincluding a cover plate opening, and the cover plate is rotatablyconnected to the housing in a manner such that when the cover plate isin the first position the cover plate opening is aligned with theoutlet, and when the cover plate is in the second position the coverplate opening is not aligned with the outlet. The housing includes aconnection portion that is configured to be detachably connected to thedelivery device, the connection portion including a first end having theoutlet opening, and a first sidewall about the first end, and a baseportion including a second end, and a second sidewall about the secondend. The closer extends from the second end in parallel with the secondsidewall and with at least a portion of the closer inside the secondsidewall, the connection portion is engaged with the base portion todefine the reservoir, and the connection portion is movable relative tothe base portion between the first position in which the closer isspaced apart from the outlet, and the second position in which thecloser resides within the outlet.

In some aspects, a cartridge for a delivery device includes a connectionportion configured to be detachably connected to the delivery device.The connection portion includes a first end having an outlet, and afirst sidewall disposed about the first end, and a base portion, thebase portion including a second end, a second sidewall disposed aboutthe second end, and a post extending from the second end in parallelwith the second sidewall so that at least a portion of the post issurrounded by the second sidewall. The connection portion is engagedwith the base portion to define a reservoir between the first end andthe second end, and the connection portion is movable relative to thebase portion between a first position in which the outlet is open suchthat fluid communication exists between the reservoir and the exteriorof the cartridge, and a second position in which the post is positionedwithin the outlet so as to close the outlet.

The cartridge may include one or more of the following features: Anouter surface of the connection portion is configured to define a bypassport between the connection portion and a surface of the delivery devicewhen the cartridge is assembled with the delivery device. The reservoirhas a variable volume. The connection portion is engaged with the baseportion such that when the connection portion is in the first position,an air inlet is formed between the connection portion and the baseportion.

In some embodiments is an aerosolizing delivery apparatus comprising afirst member defining a first interior volume, an inlet, an outlet, andan aerosol flow passage; a deflection member configured to be receivedin the mouth of a user, spaced apart from a plane that includes thefirst member outlet, positioned to redirect aerosol flow exiting theoutlet toward one or more sides of the user's mouth; and a cartridgedefining a second interior volume and detachably connectable to and influid communication with the first member, the cartridge defining atleast one cartridge air inlet and at least one cartridge outlet, whereinthe cartridge air inlet is in fluid communication with the secondinterior volume, and the outlet is in fluid communication with thesecond interior volume and the first member aerosol flow passage.

In some embodiments the first interior volume of the aerosolizingdelivery apparatus defines the aerosol flow passage.

In some embodiments the of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thefirst member inlet is at least one of an air inlet, a bypass flow inlet,and an aerosol flow passage inlet.

In some embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge air inlet is in fluid communication with air exterior to thedevice.

In other embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge air inlet is defined by a junction of the first member and thecartridge.

In other embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, the airinlet from first member is in fluid communication with the air inlet ofthe cartridge.

In some embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is detachably connected to the first member by any one of amounting carriage, a press fit, a magnetic retaining mechanism, a twistmechanism, a snap mechanism, screw mechanism, bayonet mechanism, orcombinations thereof.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, theconnection between the cartridge and the first member is lockable.

In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus furthercomprises at least one cartridge bypass port.

In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus furthercomprises at least one of a cartridge air inlet closing mechanism and acartridge outlet closing mechanism.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge air inlet closing mechanism is at least one of a post-in-holestructure, a spring-actuated door, a slide lever, a living hinge, a flapvalve, a unidirectional valve, or combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus furthercomprises an actuating mechanism operable on the cartridge air inletclosing mechanism.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge outlet closing mechanism is at least one of a post-in-holestructure, a spring-actuated door, a slide lever, a living hinge, a flapvalve, a unidirectional valve, or combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus furthercomprises an actuating mechanism operable on the cartridge outletclosing mechanism.

In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus furthercomprises at least one actuating mechanism is operable on the at leastone cartridge air inlet closing mechanism and the outlet closingmechanism.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge comprises an inner member and an outer member that slidablyinterconnect to define the second interior volume.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, the innermember is movable relative to the outer member, between a first positionwherein at least one of the at least one of the cartridge air inlet portand the cartridge outlet port are open, and a second position wherein atleast one of the at least one of the cartridge air inlet port and thecartridge outlet port are closed.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, movementof the inner member relative to the outer member actuates the at leastone of an air inlet closing mechanism and outlet closing mechanism.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge has a volume capacity of about ten (10) milligrams to abouttwo (2) grams of an aersolizable product.

In certain embodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus is configuredto permit a flow rate through the apparatus of between about five (5)liters per minute and about sixty (60) liters per minute at a vacuumpressure of about four kiloPascals.

In certain embodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus is configuredfor a flow rate through the apparatus of between about ten (10) litersper minute and about thirty (30) liters per minute at a vacuum pressureof about four kiloPascals.

In certain embodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus is configuredfor a flow rate through the apparatus of between about fifteen (15)liters per minute and about twenty-five (25) liters per minute at avacuum pressure of about four kiloPascals.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge contains an aerosolizable product.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge contains at least one of a food product, an energy supplement,a pharmaceutical compound, an over-the-counter pharmaceutical compound,a nutraceutical, a sleep-aid compound, a weight-loss compound, or anoral health compound.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, theapparatus is at least one of edible or biodegradable.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, at leastone of the first member and the deflection member is at least one ofedible or biodegradable.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is at least one of edible or biodegradable.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is edible is formed of at least one of a starch, a grain-basedfood, a vegetable, a meat, a fruit, a dairy product, a sugary food, anut, a confection, a plant product, processed edible products thereof,synthetic edible products thereof, or combinations of edible productsthereof.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is edible and is formed of at least one of chocolate, bread,fruit, sugar, meat, bread, pasta, processed forms thereof, orcombinations thereof.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is biodegradable and is formed of at least one of a polyester,a polyhydroxyalkanoate, a polyanhydride, a polycaprolactone, apolydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, a polyhydroxybutyrate, a polylacticacid, a polypropylene carbonate, a polylactic-co-glycolic acid, apoly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), a polyvinyl alcohol, astarch derivative, cellulose esters, a cellophane, an enhancedbiodegradable plastic, compositional variants thereof, or combinationsthereof.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, anaerosolizing delivery apparatus configured to be connected to acartridge, comprises: a first member defining a first interior volume,an inlet, an outlet, an aerosol flow passage, and a portion configuredto be connected to the cartridge; and a deflection member configured tobe received in the mouth of a user, spaced apart from a plane thatincludes the first member outlet, positioned to redirect aerosol flowexiting the outlet toward one or more sides of the user's mouth.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge defines a second interior volume and detachably connectable toand in fluid communication with the first member, the cartridge definingat least one cartridge air inlet and at least one cartridge outlet,wherein the cartridge air inlet is in fluid communication with thesecond interior volume, and the outlet is in fluid communication withthe second interior volume and the first member aerosol flow passage.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is detachably connected to the first member by any one of apress fit, a twist mechanism, a snap mechanism, screw mechanism, bayonetmechanism, or combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge further comprises at least one cartridge bypass port.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge has a volume capacity of about ten (10) milligrams to abouttwo (2) grams of an aersolizable product.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge contains an aerosolizable product.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, theaerosolizable product is at least one of a food product, an energysupplement, a pharmaceutical compound, an over-the-counterpharmaceutical compound, a nutraceutical, a sleep-aid compound, aweight-loss compound, or an oral health compound.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is edible.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is edible is formed of at least one of a starch, a grain-basedfood, a vegetable, a meat, a fruit, a dairy product, a sugary food, anut, a confection, a plant product, processed edible products thereof,synthetic edible products thereof, or combinations of edible productsthereof.

In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus, thecartridge is edible and is formed of at least one of chocolate, bread,fruit, sugar, meat, bread, pasta, processed forms thereof, orcombinations thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The advantages of the disclosure described below, as well as furtheradvantages of the disclosure, can be better understood by reference tothe description taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures, inwhich:

FIGS. 1A-C illustrate a particle delivery device having a disposablecartridge connected to a mouthpiece.

FIGS. 2A-C are views (perspective, cross-sectional, and cross-sectional,respectively) of a disposable cartridge of particle delivery device.

FIGS. 3A-D are views (exploded perspective, exploded cross-sectional,cross-sectional, cross-sectional, respectively) of aconsumable-product-containing disposable cartridge with a cover.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a particle delivery device including acartridge connected to a mouthpiece.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the particle delivery deviceof FIG. 5.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the cartridge of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the cartridge of FIG. 5 including ahousing and a cover.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the cover of FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of the particle delivery device of FIG.5 with the cartridge in an open configuration.

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of the particle delivery device of FIG.5 with the cartridge in a closed configuration.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of an alternative embodimentcartridge, including a housing, a cover, and an umbrella valve.

FIG. 12 is a perspective cross sectional view of the cartridge of FIG.11 illustrating the umbrella valve in an open position.

FIG. 13 is a perspective cross sectional view of the cartridge of FIG.11 illustrating the umbrella valve in a closed position.

FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective bottom-end view of anotheralternative embodiment cartridge, including a housing, a cover, and aplate valve.

FIG. 15 an exploded perspective top-end view of the cartridge of FIG.14.

FIG. 16 is a perspective cross sectional view of the cartridge of FIG.14 illustrating the plate valve in an open position.

FIG. 17 is a perspective cross sectional view of the cartridge of FIG.14 illustrating the plate valve in a closed position.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of thecartridge of FIG. 14 when connected to a mouthpiece.

FIG. 19 is a side view of a particle delivery device including anotheralternative embodiment cartridge connected to a mouthpiece with thecartridge illustrated in an open configuration.

FIG. 20 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the cartridge of FIG.19 in an open configuration.

FIG. 21 is a side view of the particle delivery device of FIG. 19 withthe cartridge illustrated in a closed position.

FIG. 22 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the cartridge of FIG.19 in a closed configuration.

FIG. 23 is an exploded perspective view of the cartridge of FIG. 19.

FIG. 24 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the particledelivery device of FIG. 19.

FIGS. 25A-C are schematics of a particle delivery apparatus withmultiple capsules or cartridges and a reusable mouthpiece.

FIGS. 26A-C are views of a case for carrying a mouthpiece and associatedcapsules.

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a carrying case embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a carrying case embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a carrying case embodiment.

FIG. 30 illustrates a sprung door used to close air inlet ports andaerosol flow outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge for an aerosolizingdelivery apparatus.

FIGS. 31A and 31B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus thatincludes a user-actuated slide lever used to close outlet ports on areplaceable cartridge.

FIGS. 32A-32D illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus thatincludes a user-actuated push button for actuating a flexible door toclose outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge.

FIGS. 33A and 33B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus thatincludes a twist- or compression-actuated flexible door used to closeoutlet ports on a replaceable cartridge.

FIGS. 34A and 34B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus thatincludes a user-actuated flexible door employing a living hinge and usedto close inlet and outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge.

FIGS. 35A and 35B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus thatincludes a unidirectional duck bill valve used to close outlet ports ona replaceable cartridge.

FIGS. 36A and 36B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus thatincludes a unidirectional dual flapper valve used to close inlet andoutlet ports on a replaceable cartridge for an aerosolizing deliveryapparatus.

FIGS. 37A-37D illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus thatincludes a twist- or compression-actuated post-in-hole structure used toclose inlet and outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge.

FIG. 38 illustrates an aerosolizing delivery apparatus that includes amounting carriage used for supporting an edible cartridge relative to amouthpiece.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Aerosolized particles small enough to become airborne but too large tobe inhaled into the bronchial pathways and lungs retain a sufficientsurface area to volume ratio to be solubilized effectively in the mouth.Therefore, a natural breathing process to aerosolize particles can be aparticularly effective way to enhance mouth absorption of certain activeingredients. Described herein are various embodiments of an aerosoldelivery apparatus designed to use a natural breathing process toaerosolize a consumable product and deliver to the mouth for oralabsorption and/or digestive solubilization. Such devices are designed tolimit product delivery to the user's throat or lungs, allow for multipleuse applications with the same oral delivery device, and provide forenhanced user experience (choice of consumable product to be used with asingle device and environmentally low-impact and/or edible devices).

A variety of forces can be used to generate an aerosol from a fluid ordry powder to cause it to move through an aerosol delivery apparatus.These include a user's inhalation/exhalation, aspiration/expiration,shaking or vibration forces, and/or external power sources (e.g.,compressed air, electric fans, motors, etc.). Particle size is importantto the delivery system. Particles should be small enough to remainairborne during casual breathing, but large enough to be directed anddeposited primarily in the mouth while limiting coughing, throat andlung deposition, or other adverse situations. Additionally, it isbeneficial that pathways of aerosol particles through the device and outof the mouthpiece are directed away from the back of the throat.

Molecules of consumable, aerosolized products generally absorb in themouth and the digestive tract via a three-step process. The first stepis dissolution or release from a dosage form, the second is diffusion orconvection from the site of dissolution to the absorptive mucosa, andthe third is active or passive transport across the mucosa into thebloodstream. As used herein, mucosa (or mucosae in plural form) includesmucous membranes that are linings of mostly endodermal origin, coveredin epithelium, which are involved in absorption and secretion. Mucosaeborder cavities, openings and lumen that are exposed to the externalenvironment and internal organs, and can be contiguous with skin in aperson's mouth. For those molecules that may absorb across a mucosalbarrier at a kinetically effective rate (as determined byhydrophobicity, charge, and molecular size—the more hydrophobic,neutral, and small, the better), the actual rate at the anatomical siteof absorption into the bloodstream, once the dosage form is placed inthe mouth, is controlled to some degree by the first two steps in theabove process, and to some degree by the speed of the digestive processitself

Consumables (e.g., foods, supplements, or drugs) can be deliverable aschewable solids, liquids, pill, gum, soluble media (e.g., strips) and asa fine powder form that gets distributed on the surfaces of the mouth.Common delivered dosage forms begin to dissolve in the mouth and areswallowed. The active ingredient then diffuses through the mucosa.Depending on the amount of molecule contact with the mucosa, thisdiffusion may take a significant amount of time in which a user mayswallow significant dosage portions of an active ingredient before ithas the chance to absorb through the mouth. In cases where the diffusiondistance to the tongue is small, and the likelihood of swallowing issmall (e.g., with dissolvable strips), mouth-versus-gut absorption isstill influenced by the time of dissolution. Increased times fordissolution in your mouth can correlate with more occasions to swallowduring the dissolution, and the increased likelihood that dissolvedingredients are swept into the gut and subjected to digestive processes.

Our approach is based, at least in part, on the realization of a newform of aerosolizable product, apparatus for the delivery ofaerosolizable products, and methods and uses thereof. More specifically,the delivery technology and approach is directed to aerosolizedparticles (i.e., food products) and a particle delivery method andapparatus designed to generate and deliver such products to a subject.Such devices can deliver food substances or other particles into themouth by aerosol wherein the aerosol cloud is generated through anatural inspiration or expiration maneuver and wherein the design of themouthpiece of the device is such that the airborne particles (e.g., foodparticles) are diverted away from the back of the throat to limit entryinto the respiratory system. Although described with respect to deliveryof food products, the devices and methods discussed herein can be usedfor generation and delivery of other products (e.g., medicinal products,flavorings, nutritional supplements, etc.).

In some embodiments, the combination of appropriate particle size anddevice-directed aerosol flow path allows for consumable particles (e.g.,food particles) being deposited primarily in the mouth (and onto thetongue, palate, etc.) rather than at the back of the throat or into therespiratory tract. In some embodiments, aerosol flow paths are directedto the sides of a user's mouth and not into the lungs, substantiallyeliminating deposition in regions of the respiratory tract on or nearthe throat and bronchial airways.

Various embodiments are contemplated and consider certain parameters foreffective device function. Physical design differences of the deviceaffect fluid flow properties, such as typical fluid resistances orpressure drops across sections of the apparatus (e.g., a pressure dropover the consumable product, which gives rise to its aerosolization).For particulate or liquid consumables, rates of acceleration, particlevelocities, or time of flight durations in sections of the apparatus orupon emission, (e.g., the time for an aerosol to displace from an inletto an outlet or the velocity it has upon emission) are considered. Alsocontemplated are aerosol properties, including size, shape, orientation,particle concentration, particle-size distribution, homogeneity,individual particle velocities, and overall (e.g., center-of-mass)aerosol velocities (e.g., the number of consumable-aerosol particles ofa given size range, per unit volume of air, upon emission of the aerosoltoward a consumer), and/or typical aerosol emission parameters,including the overall flow speed(s) and direction(s) of emitted aerosoland the locations and rates of deposition, relative to the apparatus orconsumer (e.g., specific mouth surfaces toward which the aerosol isemitted, on which the aerosol particles are most likely to depositfirst).

For any generalized aerosol generation/delivery apparatus, variousdesign parameters and fluid flow properties determine the proportions ofthe consumable, aerosolizable product emitted from the apparatus. Forexample, aerosol flow paths that are longer (e.g., between an inlet andan outlet), thinner (e.g., have a smaller cross-sectional area), moretortuous (e.g., have a more sinuous path); and/or more encumbered (e.g.,more/larger elements like internal partitions, in closer proximity tothe flow path) generally increase the time it takes for an aerosolizableproduct to reach a user, and generally increase the likelihood thatparticles (or a proportion of particles) settle before being emittedfrom the apparatus. This may reduce the proportion of initial productthat is ultimately delivered in aerosol form with the desired properties(or decreases the probability that the initial product is ultimatelydelivered in aerosol form with the desired properties).

A particle delivery apparatus is described that includes features,devices, or elements for containing or receiving aerosolizableparticles, and a fluid flow passage extending between an inlet and anoutlet. In some embodiments, the apparatus is intended to deliver aconsumable aerosolizable product to surfaces within a consumer's mouth.The design of the apparatus, including the shapes, sizes, andorientations of its various components, may have significant impact on ausable consumable product, including the degree of aerosolization,product flow through sections of the apparatus, and emissioncharacterization from the apparatus. In different embodiments, fluidflow passages of the apparatus can be designed with different physicalparameters, for example, different air paths, aerosol flow paths, andflow path lengths, different tortuosities (e.g., flow pathcomplexities), different geometries (e.g., inlet or outletcross-sectional areas and lengths), air flow bypass ports to optimizeperformance and flow characteristics of the device, and/or differentorientations and positions of aerosol flow, bypass port and air inletsand outlets relative to each other and/or the user. The apparatus designparameters thus determine, at least in part, the effectiveness of thesystem overall in delivering a desired substance to a consumer.

The design of the apparatus can be limited by the rate of aersolizationupon actuation and time to transfer to the user's mouth. If, forexample, the apparatus design requires an aerosolization time and/oraerosol transfer time outside of a predetermined threshold adequate forthe device, the qualities of the aerosolized product may be suboptimal.As particle size and quality are relatively limited by natural physicalcharacteristics of aerosolizable powders and liquids generally, designconstraints are more likely to be imposed on the parameters of theapparatus. Nevertheless, for certain relationships among the designparameters and the associated impact on apparatus function, changes maybe made to other design parameters to improve function. In general,embodiments described herein appropriately balance the designconstraints in such a way as to allow for practical emission of anaerosol product for consumption.

An aerosol delivery apparatus can include a “reusable” mouthpiece and“disposable” cartridges. FIG. 1A illustrates an aerosol deliveryapparatus 700 comprising a mouthpiece 112 that can be releasably coupledto a cartridge 712.

The mouthpiece 112 is a rigid, hollow, cylindrical member (FIGS. 1A, 1B,4 and 5). The mouthpiece 112 defines a fluid flow passage 116 extendingfrom an inlet 124 to the outlet 122 of the mouthpiece 112. In someembodiments, the mouthpiece 112 can have a non-circular cross-section.For example, some mouthpieces have, for example, square, rectangular, oroval cross-sections.

An airflow directing or deflection member 118 is supported at an end ofthe mouthpiece 112 (e.g., an outlet end of the mouthpiece 112) usingbridges 120. The bridges 120 position the airflow directing member 118in a location spaced apart from a plane of an outlet 122 of themouthpiece 112.

In some embodiments, the airflow directing member 118 is a deflectionmember that may take any of a variety of forms (not necessarily that ofa disc), in order to divert the airflow exiting the mouthpiece 112 andentering the mouth, away from a straight trajectory toward the throatand lungs. For example, there may be one or more openings near the topof a mouthpiece 112, which may be offset relative to each other, atdifferent heights, of different sizes, of different areas, etc., whichmaintain the general blockage of the direct linear path toward the backof the mouth, and generally divert the airflow and aerosol such that itgoes in more lateral directions.

In some embodiments, airflow directing member 118 is a thin disc with aflat surface that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis125 of the mouthpiece 112 and in opposition to the general airflowdirection (e.g., along the longitudinal axis 125) in the mouthpiece 112.In some implementations, the airflow directing member 118 changes theairflow direction of air exiting the mouthpiece 112 to a direction thatis angled relative to the longitudinal axis 125. For example, in someimplementations, the airflow directing member 118 redirects air exitingthe mouthpiece to a direction that is substantially transverse to thelongitudinal axis 125 (e.g., directing the flow toward the sides of themouth). In some cases, the disc may be mounted to the mouthpiece via oneor more “bridges” 120, which may, for example, hold the disc slightlyabove, below, or at the same level as the edge of the mouthpiece,allowing air, and the aerosolized product to pass around the disc. Invarious embodiments, the disc may have a diameter smaller, equal to, orlarger than the opening of the mouthpiece. Additionally, the disc may beof any desired shape, for example, an elliptical shape or round shape.The airflow directing member 118 redirects the aerosol to the sides ofthe mouth (e.g. top, bottom, left, and right surfaces within the mouth),thereby limiting flow of the aerosol toward the throat where it mightelicit a coughing reflex. Instead, the aerosolized product deposits onthe tongue or other parts of the mouth where it can be sensed andappreciated rather than carried deeper into the respiratory tract. Insome embodiments, airflow directing member 118 is of a different shape,size, and/or design but similarly serves to redirect the aerosolizedproduct so as to limit the coughing reflex and/or to enhance the tasteexperience. Testing of a variety of disc sizes and positions has shownthat these two parameters can impact likelihood of coughing. Forexample, it was found in preliminary tests that a disc whose diameter isroughly equal to that of the external diameter of the mouthpiece, andthat is placed close to the mouthpiece, is generally more effective inredirecting the aerosol and limiting coughing, than one whose diameteris roughly equal to that of the internal diameter of the mouthpiece(thus smaller) and that is placed at a greater distance from themouthpiece (leaving a larger space for the aerosol to pass through).

In this embodiment, the mouthpiece 112 is made of a durable material,such as stainless steel, and is intended for multiple deliveries ofconsumable product (e.g., about 50 or more). The mouthpiece 112, in thisexample, is also intended to be cleaned by hand or by dishwasher, tofacilitate longer-term use with minimal hygienic risk.

The cartridge 712 receives and stores a consumable, aerosolizableproduct. When connected to the mouthpiece 112, the cartridge 712supports the aerosolizable product in a desired position relative to themouthpiece 112. The cartridge 712 cannot be readily opened to access theconsumable product inside. This is advantageous for instances in whichit is preferable that the user have limited direct access to theconsumable product (i.e., access other than by delivery via themouthpiece as intended). This may be the case when the consumableproduct is a controlled substance, a sensitive substance, or a substancethat requires a very precise dose. This may also reduce the risk of auser inserting other materials into the device.

In this embodiment, cartridge 712 includes upper element 714 and lowerelement 716. While a consumer is not able to readily separate elements714 and 716, the two elements were initially separate so as to permitfilling of cartridge 712 during the manufacture of the overall product.In this embodiment, element 716 is filled with the consumable productduring the manufacture of the overall product, and shortly thereafter,element 714 is affixed to element 716, for example by a snap fit. Thesnap fit can be designed to resist being taken apart once the twoelements are affixed. In some embodiments, other methods of attachmentsuch as, for example, press fits and ultrasonic welding can be used toattach element 714 is affixed to element 716.

The overall product can be used by coupling a mouthpiece 112 tocartridge 712. Multiple deliveries of consumable product are possible inthis configuration. When a user draws in air via the mouthpiece outlet122, air is forced into the cartridge via air inlets 718. Flowing airaerosolizes the consumable product in cartridge 712 and delivers theaerosolized product toward the user via mouthpiece 112.

Mouthpiece 112 can then be detached from cartridge 712, and a newcartridge 712 may be attached to the same mouthpiece 112. In certainembodiments an air bypass port is formed at a junction or interfacebetween cartridge 712 and mouthpiece 112.

FIGS. 2A-2C show an embodiment of a cartridge 712′ with upper element714′ and lower element 716′. In this example, features on upper element714′ allow for releasable coupling to a mouthpiece, as well as forairflow to enter the cartridge during use of the apparatus. For example,when the mouthpiece and cartridge are coupled, these features of upperelement 714′ “latch onto” the mouthpiece 112, holding it securely to thecartridge 712′, while small spacers maintain a distance between thebottom edge of the mouthpiece and the cartridge, preserving airflowpassages into the cartridge. In some embodiments, upper elements 714″are configured to engage a cover 720 as shown in FIGS. 3A-3D. The cover720 can include a central protrusion sized to close the outlet of theupper element 714″ and side surfaces configured to cover the air inletsdefined between upper element 714″ and lower element 716″.

Referring to FIGS. 4-10, an example particle delivery device 100includes the mouthpiece 112 and a detachable cartridge 114 that receivesand stores aerosolizable particles. The particle delivery device 100 issized such that a user can easily hold the device in one hand whileusing the device 100 to generate and deliver an aerosolized product.

The cartridge 114 is detachably connected to an opposed end (e.g., aninlet end) of the mouthpiece 112 relative to the airflow directingmember 118. The cartridge 114 can be detached from the mouthpiece andreattached, or replaced with a different cartridge.

The cartridge 114 includes a hollow, cylindrical housing 130 thatdefines an internal reservoir 132 that receives and stores theaerosolizable product. The housing 130 includes an annular sidewall 138having a closed first end 140 and open second end 142 opposed to thefirst end 140. The housing 130 also includes a cover 144 disposed on theopen second end 142. The cover 144 includes a central opening (e.g.,cartridge outlet) 134 and at least one peripheral opening (e.g.,cartridge inlet) 136 that is disposed between the cartridge outlet 134and a peripheral edge of the cover 144 and is configured to permit fluidcommunication between the reservoir 132 and an exterior of the cartridge114. In the illustrated embodiment, the cover includes two cartridgeinlets 136 that are spaced apart from each other.

In addition, the cover 144 includes features that permit selectiveopening and closing of the cartridge outlet 134. In particular, thecover 144 is provided with a tab 146 that is slidably connected to thecover 144 so as to be movable (e.g., slidable along an axis transverseto a longitudinal axis of the device 100) between a first position inwhich an opening 148 of the tab 146 is aligned with the cartridge outlet134 (FIG. 9), and a second position in which a portion of the tab 146overlies and substantially completely obstructs the cartridge outlet 134(FIG. 10). When the cartridge 114 is assembled with the mouthpiece 112,and the tab 146 is in the first (e.g., open) position, fluidcommunication is permitted between the reservoir 132 and the mouthpiecefluid flow passage 116 via the cartridge outlet 134. When the cartridge114 is assembled with the mouthpiece 112, and the tab 146 is in thesecond (e.g., closed) position, fluid communication is substantiallyprevented between the reservoir 132 and the mouthpiece fluid flowpassage 116 via the cartridge outlet 134. The tab 146 extends outwardfrom the housing 130, and includes a flange (e.g., an actuator) 150 thatcan be manipulated by a user to control the tab position. A spring 152protrudes from tab 146 so as to reside between the flange 150 and thehousing sidewall 138. The spring 152 serves to bias the tab 146 to thesecond (e.g., closed) position.

The cover 144 includes a pair of rails 162 are formed on a first side160 of the cover 144. An inner edge 166 of the rails 162 support the tab146 as it slides between the first position and the second position. Theouter peripheral edges 164 of the rails 162 are curved, and are sized toengage (e.g. form a press fit connection with) an inner diameter of thehousing sidewall 138, whereby the cover 144 is connected to the housing130.

In addition, the cover 144 includes a connection portion 170 thatprotrudes outward from a second side 168 of the cover 144. Theconnecting portion 170 is dimensioned to be received within an innerdiameter of the mouthpiece 112, and includes arms 172 that areconfigured to form a snap fit engagement with corresponding grooves 128formed in an inner surface of the mouthpiece 112. In addition, theconnection portion 170 includes partitions 174 that form a generallysemi-circular wall that partially surround each cartridge inlet 136. Asseen in FIG. 6, the partitions 174 are arranged so that the cartridgeinlets 136 are located on an outer side of the connection portion 170.In particular, when the mouthpiece 112 is assembled with the cartridge114, each partition 174 cooperates with an inner surface 126 of themouthpiece 112 to form an air bypass port 176 that permits air flow intothe mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116.

When the cartridge 114 is connected to inlet end of the mouthpiece 112,and the tab 146 is in the first (e.g., open) position, the mouthpiece112 and the cartridge 114 together define a flow path through the device100. Thus, when a user places the outlet 122 of the mouthpiece 112 inhis or her mouth and inhales, air flows into the reservoir 132 throughcartridge inlets 136. Air then flows from the reservoir 132 through thecartridge outlet 136 and into the inlet 124 of the mouthpiece 112. Airis drawn into the mouthpiece 112 through both the mouthpiece inlet 124,and also through the air bypass port 176. The air flows along the fluidflow passage 116, and exits the mouthpiece 112 via the mouthpiece outlet122. Contact with the airflow directing member 118 deflects the airflowing out of the mouthpiece 112. In the illustrated embodiment, theairflow directing member 118 deflects the air flowing out of themouthpiece 112 to a direction substantially perpendicular to alongitudinal axis 125 of the mouthpiece 112.

A user operates a particle delivery device 100 by loading the device 100(e.g., placing areosolizable particles in the reservoir 132 and/orconnecting the cartridge 114 to the mouthpiece 112), bringing the device100 to the user's mouth, and inhaling through the mouthpiece 112 therebycausing air to enter the cartridge 114 and mouthpiece 112 through theair passageways. The air aerosolizes the powder present in the reservoir132, and the aerosol subsequently enters the user's mouth via themouthpiece 112.

In some embodiments, a user places his/her tongue near an outlet (orinhaler orifice), for example outlet 122, in order to alter the speedand/or direction of the aerosol emitted from the apparatus. In somecases, the user may position the outlet such that the aerosol is emittedtoward the sublingual area. In some cases, the user may position theoutlet such that the aerosol is emitted toward to lower side of thetongue, with the tongue in an elevated position (i.e. with the tip ofthe tongue generally closer to the top of the mouth than a region of thetongue closer to the throat). In some cases, an inspiratory or sippingmaneuver under such conditions will cause aerosol particles to enter themouth and divert to a desired surface or material within the mouth(e.g., the sides of the mouth, the top of the tongue, saliva, tastebuds). In some cases, such conditions will limit undesirable sideeffects, such as coughing.

In some embodiments, a user places his/her teeth near an outlet (orinhaler orifice), for example outlet 122, in order to alter the speedand/or direction of the aerosol emitted from the apparatus. In somecases, under such conditions, aerosol particles with hygienic,“freshening”, or other qualities are thus diverted toward surfaces wherethese particles can be most beneficial (e.g., gum surfaces).

In some embodiments, other physiological members are used to favorablyalter the speed and/or direction of the aerosol emitted from theapparatus.

In some embodiments, an aerosol is generated by an expiratory breathingmaneuver, in which air emitted by a user either directly or indirectlycauses a consumable product to aerosolize.

In some embodiments, the aerosol is generated at a particular point intime or over a small interval of time corresponding to a specificactivation step, and/or the aerosol is generated by a user-dependentstep. For example, in some cases aerosol generation is associated withone or more inhalation maneuvers by the user. In many of theseembodiments, the product is in a solid state, and may be a substantiallydry powder.

Referring to FIGS. 11-13, another embodiment cartridge 214 can be usedwith the mouthpiece 112 and includes a sealing or closing deviceoperable on the cartridge to permit selective opening and closing of thecartridge inlets and outlets. In this embodiment, the cartridge 214 isconfigured such that inspiration or expiration by the user activates thedevice 100 for open airflow and payload aerosolization without the needfor manual or digital actuation of the sealing or closing mechanism.

The cartridge 214 includes a hollow, cylindrical housing 230 thatdefines an internal reservoir 232 that receives and stores theaerosolizable product. The housing 230 includes an annular sidewall 238having a closed first end 240 and open second end 242 opposed to thefirst end 240. The housing 230 also includes a cover 244 disposed on theopen second end 242. The cover 244 includes a central opening 235 thatis sized to receive and support a stem 250 of an umbrella valve 246, asdiscussed further below. The cover includes a pair of openings (e.g.,cartridge outlets) 234 that are disposed between the central opening 235and a peripheral edge 266 of the cover 244. The cartridge outlets 234are elongated and extend around the central opening 235 in a bean-shapedconfiguration that maximizes outlet size. In addition, the cover 244includes at least one peripheral opening (e.g., cartridge inlet) 236that is disposed between the cartridge outlets 234 and the coverperipheral edge 266 and configured to permit fluid communication betweenthe reservoir 232 and an exterior of the cartridge 114. In theillustrated embodiment, the cover 244 includes two cartridge inlets 236(only one is shown, in FIG. 11) that are spaced apart from each other.

In addition, the cover 244 includes features that permit selectiveopening and closing of the cartridge outlets 234. In particular, thecover 244 is provided with an umbrella valve 246. The umbrella valve 246includes a flexible, hollow, conical valve body 248 and a stem 250 thatprotrudes from an inside apex of the valve body 248. The stem 250 isfixed within in the cover central opening 235, and supports the valvebody 248 in a position that overlies a second side 268 of the cover 244.The valve body 248 is dimensioned so that the valve body 248 overliesthe cartridge outlets 234. When the valve 246 is in a closed position(FIG. 13), the peripheral edge 252 of the valve body 248 contacts thesecond side 268 of the cover 244 in the region between the cartridgeoutlets 234 and the cartridge inlets 236. As a result, the valve body248 substantially completely obstructs the cartridge outlet 234 when ina closed position. When the valve is in an open position (FIG. 12), thevalve body 248 is inverted relative to the stem 250 so that theperipheral edge 252 of the valve body 248 resides above (e.g., spacedapart from) the cover second side 268, and air can flow through thecartridge outlet 236. The valve 246 is movable between the first (e.g.,open) position and the second (e.g., closed) position by forming adifferential pressure on one side of the valve. In this embodiment, whenthe cartridge 214 is connected to the mouthpiece 112 and a user inhaleswith the mouthpiece outlet 122 in the user's mouth, a region of lowpressure is formed in the mouthpiece 112 that causes the valve body toinvert as shown in FIG. 12. Upon release of the low pressure (e.g., whenthe user stops inhaling), the valve body 248 resiliently returns to itsoriginal, non-inverted configuration as shown in FIG. 13.

When the cartridge 214 is assembled with the mouthpiece 112, and thevalve 246 is in the first (e.g., open) position, fluid communication ispermitted between the reservoir 232 and the mouthpiece fluid flowpassage 116 via the cartridge outlet 234. When the cartridge 214 isassembled with the mouthpiece 112, and the valve 246 is in the second(e.g., closed) position, fluid communication is limited (e.g.,substantially or entirely prevented) between the reservoir 232 and themouthpiece fluid flow passage 116 via the cartridge outlet 234.

The cover 244 includes an annular protrusion 262 that is formed on afirst side 260 of the cover 244. An outer peripheral edge 264 of theannular protrusion 262 is sized to engage (e.g. form a press fitconnection with) an inner diameter of the housing sidewall 138, wherebythe cover 244 is connected to the housing 230.

In addition, the cover 244 includes a connection portion 270 thatprotrudes outward from the second side 268 of the cover 244. Theconnecting portion 270 is dimensioned to be received within an innerdiameter of the mouthpiece 112 and to engage (e.g. form a press fitconnection with) the inner surface of the mouthpiece 112. In addition,the connection portion 270 includes partitions 274 that form a generallycircular wall that surrounds each cartridge inlet 236. Each partition274 has an open upper end and thus forms an air bypass port 276 thatpermits air flow into the mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116.Alternatively, an air bypass port can be developed at the junctionformed between an outer diameter surface feature of the connectionportion 270 and an inner diameter surface of the mouthpiece 112 whenassembled, with or without air bypass port 276.

When the cartridge 214 is connected to inlet end of the mouthpiece 112,and the valve 246 is in the first (e.g., open) position, the mouthpiece112 and the cartridge 214 together define a flow path through the device100. Thus, when a user places the outlet 122 of the mouthpiece 112 inhis or her mouth and inhales, air flows into the reservoir 232 throughcartridge inlets 236. Air then flows from the reservoir 232 through thecartridge outlet 236 and into the inlet 124 of the mouthpiece 112. Airis drawn into the mouthpiece 112 through both the mouthpiece inlet 124and the air bypass port 276. The air flows along the fluid flow passage116, and exits the mouthpiece 112 via the mouthpiece outlet 122. Contactwith the airflow directing member 118 deflects the air flowing out ofthe mouthpiece 112. In the illustrated embodiment, the airflow directingmember 118 deflects the air flowing out of the mouthpiece 112 to adirection substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 125 of themouthpiece 112.

In some embodiments, the umbrella valve 246 may be replaced with adifferent type of valve. For example, in some embodiments, the cartridge214 includes a one-way (clack, check, non-return, etc.) valve including,but not limited to, a duckbill valve, a ball-check valve, a diaphragmcheck valve, a swing check valve, a stop-check valve, lift-check valve,an in-line check valve, etc.

Referring to FIGS. 14-18, another cartridge 314 can be used with themouthpiece 112 and includes a sealing or closing device operable on thecartridge to permit selective opening and closing of the cartridgeinlets and outlets. In this embodiment, the cartridge 314 includes amanually actuated “twist-to-open” port covering mechanism.

The cartridge 314 includes a hollow, cylindrical housing 330 thatdefines an internal reservoir 332 that receives and stores theaerosolizable product. The housing 330 includes an annular sidewall 338having a closed first end 340 and open second end 342 opposed to thefirst end 340. The housing 330 also includes a cover assembly 344disposed on the open second end 342. The cover assembly 344 includes acover plate 345 having a central opening 335 that is sized to receiveand support resilient legs 350 of a valve plate 346, as discussedfurther below. The cover plate 345 includes a pair of openings (e.g.,cartridge outlets) 334 that are disposed between the central opening 335and a peripheral edge 366 of the cover plate 345. The cartridge outlets334 are elongated and extend around the central opening 335 in abean-shaped configuration that maximizes outlet size. In addition, thecover plate 345 includes two peripheral openings (e.g., cartridgeinlets) 336 disposed between the central opening 335 and a peripheraledge 366 of the cover plate 345, and configured to permit fluidcommunication between the reservoir 332 and an exterior of the cartridge314.

In addition, the cover assembly 344 includes features that permitselective opening and closing of the cartridge outlets 334. Inparticular, the cover assembly 344 is provided with a plate valve 346.The plate valve 346 has a pair of elongated openings 348 that areshaped, dimensioned and positioned to match the cartridge outlets 334.In addition, a peripheral edge of the plate valve 346 is formed havingcut outs 358 arranged to overlie the cartridge inlets 336 when theopenings 348 are aligned with the cartridge outlets 334. A pair ofresilient legs 350 protrude outward from a first side (e.g.,cover-facing side) 354 of the valve plate 346. The legs 350 are arrangedside-by-side and have a length sufficient to protrude through thecentral opening 335 of the cover plate 345. The legs 350 include ahooked tip 352 that prevents axial separation of the valve plate 346from the cover plate 345 once assembled. The legs 350 are flexible andresilient, whereby the plate valve 346 is permitted to rotate relativethe cover plate 345 about a longitudinal axis of the device 100.

The plate valve 346 is rotatably connected to the cover plate 345 so asto be movable (e.g. rotatable about a longitudinal axis of the device100) between a first position in which the plate valve openings 348 arealigned with corresponding cartridge outlets 334 and the plate valve cutouts 358 are aligned with the cartridge inlets 336 (FIG. 16), and asecond position in which a first portion of the plate valve 346 overliesand substantially completely obstructs the cartridge outlets 334 and asecond portion of the plate valve 346 overlies and substantiallycompletely obstructs the cartridge inlets 336 (FIG. 17). When the coverassembly 344 is connected to the mouthpiece 112, and the plate valve 346is in the first (e.g., open) position, fluid communication is permittedbetween the reservoir 332 and the mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116 viathe cartridge outlet 334. In the first position, due to the rotation ofthe valve plate 346 relative to the cover 344, the legs 350 of the platevalve are slightly stretched and twisted about each other. Due to theirresiliency, the legs 350 apply a biasing force that urges the platevalve 346 toward the second position. When the cartridge 114 isassembled with the mouthpiece 112, and the plate valve 346 is in thesecond (e.g., closed) position, fluid communication is limited (e.g.,substantially or entirely prevented) between the reservoir 332 and themouthpiece fluid flow passage 116 via the cartridge outlet 334.

The cover plate 345 includes an annular protrusion 362 that is formed ona first side 360 of the cover 344. An outer peripheral edge 364 of theannular protrusion 362 is sized to engage (e.g. form a press fitconnection with) an inner diameter of the housing sidewall 338, wherebythe cover 344 is connected to the housing 330.

Referring to FIG. 18, the plate valve 346 includes a connection portion370 that protrudes outward from the valve plate second side 358. Theconnecting portion 370 is dimensioned to be received within an innerdiameter of the mouthpiece 112, and includes first portions 378 that aresized and shaped to engage (e.g. form a press fit connection with) theinner surface of the mouthpiece 112. The connecting portion alsoincludes second portions 380 that are sized and shaped to be spacedapart from the inner surface 126 of the mouthpiece 112 when assembledtherewith. The space between the outer surfaces of the second portions380 of the connection portion 370 and the mouthpiece inner surface 126provide an air bypass port 376, permitting air flow into the mouthpiecefluid flow passage 116. In addition, the connection portion 370 includesarms 372 that are configured to form a snap fit engagement withcorresponding grooves 128 formed in an inner surface of the mouthpiece112, and partitions 374 that form a generally semi-circular wall. Whenthe plate valve 346 is in the first position, a partition 374 partiallysurrounds each cartridge inlet 336, directing air flow into thereservoir 332 of the housing 330. As in the previous embodiment, thepartitions 374 are arranged so that the cartridge inlets 336 are locatedon an outer side of the connection portion 370.

When the cartridge 314 is connected to inlet end of the mouthpiece 112,and the plate valve 346 is in the first (e.g., open) position, themouthpiece 112 and the cartridge 314 together define a flow path throughthe device 100. Thus, when a user places the outlet 122 of themouthpiece 112 in his or her mouth and inhales, air flows into thereservoir 332 through cartridge inlets 336. Air then flows from thereservoir 332 through the cartridge outlet 336 and into the inlet 124 ofthe mouthpiece 112. Air is drawn into the mouthpiece 112 through boththe mouthpiece inlet 124 and the air bypass port 376. The air flowsalong the fluid flow passage 116, and exits the mouthpiece 112 via themouthpiece outlet 122. Contact with the airflow directing member 118deflects the air flowing out of the mouthpiece 112. In the illustratedembodiment, the airflow directing member deflects the air flowing out ofthe mouthpiece 112 to a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis125 of the mouthpiece 112.

Referring to FIGS. 19-24, another disposable and/or replaceablecartridge 414 can be used with the mouthpiece 112 and includes a sealingor closing device operable on the cartridge to permit selective openingand closing of the cartridge inlets and outlets. In this embodiment, thecartridge 414 includes a housing that is an assembly of two components440, 460 that are slidably connected in a telescoping manner to permitselection between the open and closed configuration as discussed furtherbelow.

The cartridge 414 includes a connection portion 440, and a base portion462 that is slideably connected to the connection portion so as to bemovable relative to the connection portion along a longitudinal axis 402of the cartridge 414, while remaining engaged with the connectionportion 440.

The connection portion 440 is a hollow cylindrical member having aclosed first end 442, an open second end 444 opposed to the first end442, and an annular sidewall 446 that extends between the first andsecond ends 442, 444. The closed first end 442 is formed having acentral opening (e.g., cartridge outlet) 434. The outer surface of thesidewall 446 includes a pair of grooves (e.g., cartridge inlets) 436that extend along an axial direction of the connection portion 440. Thecartridge inlets 436 begin at the connection portion second end 444 andend midway between the connection portion first end 442 and second end444. The cartridge inlets 436 have a depth that is less than thesidewall thickness, except in the region adjacent the second end 444,where the cartridge inlets 436 extend through the thickness of thesidewall 446.

The connection portion 440 includes external screw threads 454 providedat the first end 442 that are configured to engage corresponding screwthreads (not shown) formed on the inner surface 126 of the mouthpiece112. In addition, flat regions 452 are formed in the outer surface ofthe connection portion 440 adjacent to the screw threads 454 at theconnection portion first end 442. When the cartridge 414 is connected tothe mouthpiece 112 via the screw threads 454, a space is formed betweenthe mouthpiece interior surface 126 and the flat regions 452, forming anair bypass port 476 that permits air flow into the mouthpiece fluid flowpassage 116 (FIG. 24).

The base portion 460 is a hollow cylindrical member having an open firstend 462, a closed second end 464 opposed to the first end 462, and anannular sidewall 466 that extends between the first and second ends 462,464. The base portion 460 includes a post 468 that protrudes from acenter of the inside surface of the second end 464 toward the base firstend 462 and is surrounded by the sidewall 466. The post 468 has an axiallength that is greater than the axial length of the sidewall 466 so thatpost 468 extends through the base open first end 462 and the terminalend 470 of the post 468 resides outside the base portion 460. Inaddition, tabs 472 are formed on an inner surface of the base portionsidewall 466 at the first end 462 that are configured to be received inand engage with corresponding axially-extending channels 456 formed onan outer surface of the connection portion 440.

The outer dimension of the connection portion sidewall 446 is sized sothat the connection portion second end (e.g., open end) 444 is receivedwithin the base portion first end (e.g. open end) 462, and an outersurface of the connection portion sidewall 446 contacts an inner surfaceof the base portion sidewall 466. In particular, the connection portion440 is engaged with the base portion 460 to define a reservoir 432 thatextends between the connection portion first end 442 and the baseportion second end 464. When the connection portion 440 is assembledwith the base portion 460, the base portion tabs 470 engage theaxially-extending channels 456 formed on an outer surface of theconnection portion 440, permitting the connection portion 440 to moveaxially (e.g., telescope) relative to the base portion 460. In thisregard, the engagement between the tabs 470 and the channels serves toprevent separation of the connection portion 440 from the base portion460, and the channels 456 serve as guides that determine the extent ofaxial movement of the connection portion 440 relative to the baseportion 460.

The connection portion 440 telescopes relative to the base portion 460between a first (e.g., open) position (FIGS. 19 and 20) and a second(e.g., closed) position (FIGS. 21 and 22). In the first (open) position,the connection portion 440 is moved outward relative to the base portion460 such that a space exists between the connection portion first end442 and the post terminal end 470, such that the cartridge outlet isopen and fluid communication exists between the reservoir 432 and theexterior of the cartridge 414. In addition, in the first position, thecartridge inlets 436 are positioned relative to the base portion 460 sothat at least a portion of the cartridge inlets 436 protrude beyond thebase portion second end 472, permitting air flow into the reservoir 432via the cartridge inlets 436, which form a passageway between an innersurface of the base portion 460 and an outer surface of the connectionportion 440. In the second (closed) position, the connection portion 440is moved inward relative to the base portion 460 such that the postterminal end 470 resides within and substantially fully obstructs thecartridge outlet 434. In addition, in the second position, the cartridgeinlets 436 are positioned relative to the base portion 460 so that thecartridge inlets 436 reside within the base portion whereby the baseportion sidewall 466 substantially fully obstructs the cartridge inlet436. Moreover, since the connection portion 440 telescopes relative tothe base portion 460, the reservoir 432 has a variable volume. Inparticular, the reservoir has a first volume when the cartridge 414 isin the first (open) position, and a second volume when the cartridge 414is in the second (closed) position, where the first volume is greaterthan the second volume.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4-10, the cartridge 114 isconnected to the mouthpiece via a snap fit connection, but the cartridge114 is not limited to a snap fit connection. Various strategies arecontemplated for attaching the reusable and/or replaceable cartridges114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″ described herein to the mouthpiece112. In some embodiments, a first end 128 of the cartridge 114 has anouter surface that is sized and configured to provide a snap-fitengagement with the inner surface of the corresponding end of themouthpiece 112. In some embodiments, other forms of engagement are usedinstead of or in addition to snap-fit engagement to attach the cartridge114 to the mouthpiece 112. In certain configurations, the cartridge 114is held or locked into position through mechanical tension and/orfrictional forces from the particular mounting design. For example, insome embodiments, the end cap 114 and the mouthpiece 112 have threadsand are screwed together (see for example FIGS. 19-24). In anotherexample, cartridges are slidably and reversibly interference or pressfit pressed into position within the inlet end of the mouthpiece 112. Insome embodiments, the inlet end of the mouthpiece 112 is of a slightlylarger diameter than the diameter of the corresponding mating end of thecartridge 114, creating a press-fit configuration between the pieces(see for example FIGS. 11-13). In other embodiments, the mouthpiece andcartridge are locked into position with spring tension locating pins,dowels, ball bearings, living hinge positioners, etc. In still otherembodiments, the cartridge 114 is held into place with the mouthpiecevia magnetic holders and a ferrous and/or magnetic counterpiece. Otheralternative structures for connecting the cartridge 114 to themouthpiece 112 embodied in the present invention include, but are notlimited to, a screw fit, twist fit, snap fit, press fit and turn,bayonet mount, etc.

In some embodiments, the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″is formed of a resilient material.

In some embodiments, the components constituting the cartridge 114, 214,314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″ are manufactured from a plastic. In certainembodiments, the plastic is biodegradable. In other certain embodiments,the components constituting the the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712,712′, 712″ are manufactured from a polyester, a polyhydroxyalkanoate, apolyanhydride, a polycaprolactone, a polydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, apolyhydroxybutyrate, a polylactic acid, a polypropylene carbonate, apolylactic-co-glycolic acid, apoly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate, a polyvinyl alcohol, astarch derivative, cellulose esters, a cellophane, an enhancedbiodegradable plastic, compositional variants thereof, combinationsthereof, etc.

In certain embodiments the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″is edible and manufactured from a starch, a grain-based food, avegetable, a meat, a fruit, a dairy product, a sugary food, a nut, aconfection, a plant product, processed edible products thereof,synthetic edible products thereof, combinations of edible products, etc.

In certain embodiments the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″is edible or biodegradable, and manufactured from chocolate, bread,fruit, sugar, meat, bread, pasta, processed forms thereof, combinationsthereof, etc.

In some embodiments, the body of the entire device 100 is manufacturedfrom a starch, a grain-based food, a vegetable, a meat, a fruit, a dairyproduct, a sugary food, a nut, a confection, a plant product, processededible products thereof, synthetic edible products thereof, combinationsof edible products, etc.

In some embodiments, the device 100 may be similar to an inhaler orinhalation device, such as a dry powder inhaler (DPI) or metered doseinhaler (MDI); a “pot” that holds an ultrasound source and confinessomewhat the aerosol cloud produced by the source; a “fountain” thatejects and/or circulates the aerosol; a hand-held pump device; acompressed air device; a food straw device; a multi-person, communaldevice; a tabletop device. A variety of materials may be used to formthe device, or parts thereof, including: plastics (e.g. polycarbonates,which are relatively strong, polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadienestyrene, polyethylene, etc.), various metals, glass, cardboard, rigidpaper, etc.

In some embodiments, the device 100 includes an aerosol generatingdevice, for example, an airflow disrupting “grating,” through which airand powder flows, thereby yielding an aerosol for delivery to the user.In certain embodiments, the airflow grating functions to allow passageof particles having a desired size, range of desired sizes (mean volumedistribution), or otherwise delimits flow of particles to the user thatare outside of a desired mean volume size distribution range.

In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing device 100, 700 includes adisposable and/or replaceable cartridge (i.e., cartridge 114, 214, 314,414, 712, 712′, 712″). For example, the reusable or replaceablecartridge is selectively detachable from the mouthpiece and has a volumeseparate from the mouthpiece and includes an inlet and/or outlet portthat can be closed or sealed. This is advantageous in the event that notall the payload has been delivered, since the device can be selectivelyplaced in a closed configuration until further usage at a later time. Inaddition, a closeable or sealable device is advantageous in situationswherein the user exchanges one cartridge for another cartridge withouthaving expended all payload in the first cartridge. The partially used,sealed first cartridge can be reconnected to the mouthpiece at a latertime for further use.

The cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″ may not be readilyopened to access the consumable product inside. This is advantageous forinstances in which it is preferable that the user have limited directaccess to the consumable product (i.e., access other than by deliveryvia the mouthpiece as intended). This may be the case when theconsumable product is a controlled substance, a sensitive substance, ora substance that requires a very precise dose. This may also reduce therisk of a user inserting other materials into the device.

In some embodiments, the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″is an assembly of multiple components that together define concave innerspaces, and, after powder is filled into either or all of thecomponents, the components snap or screw together to form a largelyclosed interior chamber. In some embodiments, the cartridge 114 furtherinclude an aerosol generating device, for example, an airflow-disrupting“grating” (not shown), through which air and powder flow, therebyyielding an aerosol for delivery to the user. The cartridge typicallyincludes air passageways, for example, on the respective ends of theenclosed compartments, so as to allow air to flow through uponinhalation. The design, for example, the size or shape of the airpassageways, should provide sufficient airflow while minimizing powderloss.

In the illustrated embodiments, the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712,712′, 712″ includes upper element (e.g., cover or cover assembly) andlower element (e.g., housing). While a consumer is not able to readilyseparate the upper and lower elements, the two elements may initiallyseparate so as to permit filling of the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414,712, 712′, 712″ during the manufacture of the overall product. In thisembodiment, the housing is filled with the consumable product during themanufacture of the overall product, and shortly thereafter, the cover orcover assembly is affixed to the housing, for example by a snap fit. Thesnap fit can be designed to resist being taken apart once the twoelements are affixed. In some embodiments, other methods of attachmentsuch as, for example, press fits and ultrasonic welding can be used toattach the cover and the housing.

In some embodiments, the mouthpiece and cartridge are designed forsingle use (perhaps disposable) or, alternatively, designed for multipleuse. For example, in some embodiments, the cartridge may be disposable,and, optionally, available with a variety of aerosolizable powders,while the mouthpiece may be reusable. In some cases, prefilledcartridges could be punctured, torn, cut or broken by design elementswithin the housing or mouthpiece (for example, sharp points, blades,compressing the device, or twisting the device etc.). In certainembodiments, pre-filled standard-sized capsules, for example, a gelcapsule, blister pack, or sealed capsule of another form, can be used byplacing them in the cartridge reservoir 132. Such embodiments allow foreasier filling, substitution, cleaning, and disposal. In addition, suchembodiments allow for manufacture of multiple dose capsules. Suchpre-filled capsules could be punctured, torn, cut or broken by designelements within the housing (for example, sharp points, blades,compressing the device, or twisting the device etc.) prior to use. Insome cases, a sealing member is removed; for example, a sealing plasticor metal foil initially adhering to the capsule (or cap) can be peeledoff. In some cases, the capsule can be protected or sealed with a cover.The product may thus be released into the reservoir 132, for example,and become more susceptible to airflow generated during inhalation oractivation. In another embodiment, the aerosolizable product may remainsubstantially within the original container but now be in fluidcommunication with, and thus now susceptible to, airflow generatedduring inhalation and/or activation, etc. After activation and use, theemptied capsule could be removed from the reservoir 132. Alternatively,the cartridge can be designed for multiple uses. For example, thecartridge may be refillable. In some cases, the cartridge may bedesigned for one or more uses, and not be itself refillable. In somecases, used (e.g., empty) cartridge can be readily removed from contact,or removed from fluid communication, with the mouthpiece 112. In somecases, new (e.g., filled) cartridge can be readily brought into contactor fluid communication with the mouthpiece 112. In some cases, suchfluid communication can be achieved using clean or sterile components.In some embodiments, a cartridge can contain more than one dose. Forexample, in some embodiments, multiple doses are contained within asingle larger cartridge, in which different doses are physicallyseparated from each other. In some embodiments, a mouthpiece 112 is influid communication with only one of these doses at a given time duringuse. Once the dose is delivered, it is possible for the mouthpiece 112to be put in fluid communication with a different dose container withinthe cartridge, containing a new dose of consumable product. As such, asingle mouthpiece 112, and a single cartridge 114, can be used todeliver multiple doses. After consuming all doses within a cartridgeelement, the cartridge element may be replaced or refilled. In someembodiments, the housing 130, 230, 330, 430 is designed to allow for theincorporation of at least 2, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10,cartridge, thereby allowing, for example, the user to mix and match avariety of flavors in various amounts as desired. In some embodiments,the housing 130 could be designed to allow for the loading of a set ofmultiple cartridges to be activated one at a time, thus reducing thefrequency of removing and replacing spent cartridges. A particledelivery apparatus can contain a cartridge element that comprises morethan one dose of consumable product. The mouthpiece and cartridgeelement can both be reusable, while individual dose containers can bedisposable and/or replaceable. In FIG. 25A, apparatus 730 comprises areusable capsule and/or cartridge element 732, in which 8 doses ofconsumable product are physically isolated. Some embodiments areconfigured with a different maximum capacity of a cartridge. Reusablemouthpiece 112 can be releasably coupled to cartridge element 732 on theupper side 734 of the cartridge element 732. Upper side 734 can rotaterelative to lower side 736, sequentially exposing different individualdose containers within cartridge element 734. Reusable mouthpiece 112can be coupled to each of these doses one at a time, and thus used todeliver, sequentially, all doses contained in cartridge element 734. Inthis embodiment, once all doses are used, upper side 734 can beseparated from lower side 736, and new dose containers can be added intocartridge element 732. In some cases, new dose containers can be addedindividually without the need to separate upper side 734 from lower side736, by sequentially rotating upper side 734 relative to lower side 736.

In some cases, each individual dose container is sealed by a thin memberthat must be peeled off before coupling with the mouthpiece 112.

In some embodiments, cartridge element 732 is itself entirelydisposable, and can be replaced with a new cartridge element 732 whenthe doses are all used.

In some embodiments, the device 100 is designed for use by at least 2,for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, users. For example, the devicecould be designed with multiple branches, each designed with an airflowdirecting element, so as to allow for simultaneous use by multipleusers.

In certain aspects, the device 100, 700 may include a housing, acartridge and a cap. In alternative aspects, a device includes thehousing and a cap, wherein both the housing and the cap are designed foruse with cartridges, for example, disposable or refillable cartridges.In other aspects, the device encompasses disposable or refillablecartridges. In other aspects, the device encompasses mouthpieces, usedwith a variety of aerosolizable products, aerosolizable product sources,and/or aerosolizable product containers.

In certain aspects is a carrying case for transporting the device and aplurality of cartridges. FIGS. 26A-26C are views of a case 750 forcarrying a mouthpiece and associated cartridges. FIGS. 27-29 areperspective views of other carrying case embodiments 750′, 750″, 750′″.

It should be noted that the functionalities (i.e., aerosolizable productcontainment, aerosol generation, aerosol delivery, airflow (and aerosol)direction, etc.) of the mouthpiece, cartridge, cap, grating, mouthpiecedisc, etc. may, in some embodiments, be associated with one or morepotentially different physical units, while maintaining the same overallfunctionality. For example, in some embodiments, a single device unitmay incorporate all functional aspects. In some embodiments, amouthpiece may contain an aerosol-generating device, an aerosol deliverydevice, and an airflow- (and aerosol-) directing device, and theaerosolizable product container may be separate. In some embodiments, aspreviously described, food product may be contained within a cartridge,an aerosol generating device may be part of a cartridge, and amouthpiece with airflow-directing elements may be used to deliver theaerosol from the cartridge to the user.

The device 100, 700, or parts of the device, may be designed for singleuse (for example, disposable). In some embodiments, certain parts of thedevice, including the mouthpiece 112 or the cartridge 114, may bedisposable.

The device 100, 700 itself, or parts of the device, may be designed formultiuse. In some embodiments, for example, the dosage cartridge isreplaceable or the reservoir 132 may be refilled. In other embodiments,a reusable mouthpiece may be used with a disposable cartridge element,the latter containing more than one dose, with all doses intended to bedelivered using the reusable mouthpiece. In still other embodiments, areusable mouthpiece may be used with a disposable and/or replaceablecartridge that contains the aerosolizable product, as discussed furtherbelow.

In some embodiments, cartridge or cartridge elements contain a singledose. In some embodiments, cartridge or cartridge elements contain morethan one dose. In some embodiments, cartridges (e.g.,consumable-product-containing elements) may be disposable and designedto deliver a consumable product dosage 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, or moretimes, before being discarded.

In some embodiments, each dose is physically separated from the others,while contained in the cartridge or cartridge element. In otherembodiments, multiple doses of a consumable product are contained withina single physical device, device element or cartridge, and dosing isregulated by the user or by some other means, as needed.

In some embodiments, the device may incorporate a force-generatingmechanism, such as a pump or compressed air source, to aerosolize theproduct. In some embodiments, the device may incorporate a propellant.

In some embodiments, the device may be designed for “single action”,“repeated action”, or “continuous action” aerosolization and/ordelivery, depending on whether it is intended to aerosolize and/ordeliver the product in a single, short-term step (e.g., one inhalationon an inhalation-triggered apparatus), in multiple discrete steps (e.g.,multiple inhalations on an inhalation-triggered apparatus), or over alonger-term continuous step (e.g., maintaining an aerosol cloud in openair), where “step” can refer to any combination of simultaneous and/orsequential processes by which the device aerosolizes and/or delivers theproduct. Many factors, including whether the device is intended for useby one subject or multiple subjects at a time, will help determine whichof these step sequences (if any) is appropriate for any particularembodiment.

In the illustrated embodiments, the mouthpiece 112 is formed having acircular or oval cross section, but it is not limited to thesecross-sectional shapes. For example, the mouthpiece can have a square orrectangular cross-sectional shape.

In the illustrated embodiment, the mouthpiece 112 is a monolithicstructure (e.g., formed of a single piece). However, in otherembodiments, the mouthpiece 112 can be an assembly of at least twosubstructures. For example, the mouthpiece can be an assembly of an endpiece with a deflection member designed for oral placement and a bodythat connects the mouthpiece to a consumable particle cartridge and/orcapsule. In another example, the mouthpiece can be an assembly of threeseparate components including an end piece for oral placement, adeflector which may or may not be detachable from the end piece, and abody that connects the end piece to a consumable particle cartridgeand/or capsule. Other configurations of a mouthpiece with equivalentfunction to that as described herein are contemplated. Other mouthpiecescan be used with aerosolized particle delivery devices.

In some embodiments, the mouthpiece 112 is manufactured from a plastic.In certain embodiments, the plastic is biodegradable. In other certainembodiments, the mouthpiece 112 is manufactured from a polyester, apolyhydroxyalkanoate, a polyanhydride, a polycaprolactone, apolydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, a polyhydroxybutyrate, a polylacticacid, a polypropylene carbonate, a polylactic-co-glycolic acid, apoly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate, a polyvinyl alcohol, astarch derivative, cellulose esters, a cellophane, an enhancedbiodegradable plastic, compositional variants thereof, combinationsthereof, etc.

In some implementations, the mouthpiece 112 is intended to be reused,for example, for 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, or more deliveries of consumableproduct. In certain embodiments, reusable parts of the device can beused indefinitely (e.g., they can be readily cleaned, in a dishwasher,by hand, etc.). For example, a mouthpiece made of a durable andcleanable material, such as certain metals (i.e., stainless steel),plastics, ceramic or glass, may be used in conjunction with manycartridges over time.

In other implementations, the mouthpiece 112 can be re-used, forexample, with multiple cartridges of the same type (e.g., of the sameembodiment), or in another example, with cartridge of different types(e.g. of a different embodiment).

In other implementations, the other mouthpieces may be used with thecartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″.

In some implementations, the delivery device 100 comprises a disposableand/or replaceable cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″. Forexample, the reusable or replaceable cartridge is selectively detachablefrom the mouthpiece 112, and has a reservoir 132 separate from themouthpiece 112 that includes an inlet and/or outlet port that can beclosed or sealed. This is advantageous in the event that not all thepayload has been delivered, since the device can be selectively placedin a closed configuration until further usage at a later time. Inaddition, a closeable or sealable device is advantageous in situationswherein the user exchanges one cartridge for another cartridge withouthaving expended all payload in the first cartridge. The partially used,sealed first cartridge can be reconnected to the mouthpiece at a latertime for further use.

In the cartridge 114 illustrated in FIGS. 4-10, the cartridge inlet andoutlet ports can be selectively sealed or closed to preventaerosolizable product from leaking or spilling out of the cartridgewithout requiring connectivity to remainder of the device (e.g., themouthpiece). In the illustrated embodiment, the spring-loaded tab 146was used to provide control of the flow through the cartridge inlets andoutlet, but the cartridge is not limited to this control device. Othercontrol devices may be used, including mechanical devices wherein manual(digital) manipulation of the device open or closes the air inlet and/orpayload outlet ports. In particular embodiments, spring-activated doorsor levers are opened through actuation of a lever, handle, button orother functionally similar member to open the air inlet and/or outletports. In some embodiments, actively holding the member in an openposition retains the device in a conformation for which an airexpiration or inspiration aerosolizes and delivers a payload product.Releasing the member will result in the ports being closed by a springtension wherein the port door, lid, flap, cover and the like close theports to prevent air flow through the device and/or spillage of theproduct. In certain embodiments, a spring member is attached to the dooror covering. In other certain embodiments, the spring member is attachedto a lever, handle, button or other functionally similar member, whichin turn actuates a port door or cover to seal or close the port(s). Instill other embodiments, the members of the closing mechanism arecomprised of a material and/or composition having a spring tensioneither in the handle/lever/button, the door/lid/flap/seal/cover, orboth. Living hinges such as these do not require a separate butconnected spring member for actuation of the living hingesealing/closing mechanism, and decrease the total number of separatelymanufactured and assembled device members. In certain embodiments, theactuating mechanism for a spring tension device may be opened and placedinto a locked position, wherein the air flow through the device isachieved without holding the actuating mechanism. Maneuvering theactuating mechanism will unlock the mechanism, wherein spring tension(and not the device user) closes the door/lid/flap/seal/cover. In someembodiments, a lever, button or handle is actuated to maneuver adoor/seal/lid/flap/cover to overlay one or more ports. In certainembodiments, a mechanism like this can be locked into an open and/orclosed position, and requires a device user to actively switch thedevice between an open and closed conformation.

In the cartridge 414 illustrated in FIGS. 19-24, the cartridge inlet andoutlet ports can be selectively sealed or closed to preventaerosolizable product from leaking or spilling out of the cartridgewithout requiring connectivity to remainder of the device (e.g., themouthpiece). In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 19-24, the structureof the housing itself, including the post and features of the externalsurface, were used to control fluid flow through the cartridge inletsand outlet, but the cartridge is not limited to this control device.Alternative embodiments are contemplated for the cartridge including,for example, the cartridge being comprised of a single member or morethan one member to define the inner volume. In a particular embodiment,the replaceable/reusable cartridge inner volume is a single membermolded with one or more components into a single functional cartridge.In another particular embodiment, the replaceable/reusable cartridge iscomprised of two components that are slidably connected, wherein eachcomponent defines a cylindrical or elongated closed end, an open end,wall, etc. The slidably connected members thus define the cartridge(second) volume. One advantage to such a configuration is that the onemember of the slidably connected members can be configured to connectwith the mouth piece (first member), and slidably separating or pushingtogether the other member of the slidably connected members actuates asealing mechanism. In certain embodiments, o-rings, rubber, silicon,etc. seals, edge geometry (for example, a bevel), or cartridge materialis pliable between the interconnected members to sufficiently seal thecartridge from powder leakage at the inner and outer cartridge memberinterface.

In many instances, variations of some embodiments may be designedwithout, in many instances, affecting the function of the overalldevice. For example, the cylindrical nature of the device may bemodified, for example, for aesthetic effect, as may the overall lengthof the device. Alternatively, or in addition, the aerosol generatingdevice, for example, the airflow disrupting element such as a grating,may be incorporated into the cylindrical mouthpiece unit. In someembodiments, the aerosol generating device may include more than onecomponent. For example, a grating and/or the airflow passageways in thecap may play individual roles in generating turbulence that leads toaerosolization, or both may be needed. In general, there may also bemultiple configurations of gratings, airflow passageways, dimensionsetc, to produce the right aerosolization airflow.

In some embodiments, the dimensions of the device may be selected sothat, while preserving the appropriate airflow dynamics, aerosolizableproduct may be provided as capsule that is placed within the cartridge114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″. For example, standard medicalcapsules may be placed within the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712,712′, 712″, or may to some extent replace the previously describedaerosolizable particles, or in another way simplify the process ofloading, storing, and releasing the powder.

The embodiments of the disposable and/or replaceable cartridge 114, 214,314, 414, 712, 712′, 712″ described herein each include a sealing orclosing device operable on the cartridge to permit selective opening andclosing of the cartridge inlets and outlets. The open and closedconfigurations can affect either the airflow through the cartridge,and/or close the cartridge to prevent payload spillage when the deviceis not in use. In the described implementations, the sealing device isoperable on the cartridge, independent of the mouthpiece. However, inother implementations, the sealing device may require both themouthpiece and the cartridge either to engagably seal/close/cover orallow an open configuration of the cartridge. For example, in aparticular embodiment, the mouthpiece terminal edge slidably abuts thecartridge edge. When the two edges are contacting, the air inlet portsare sealed or closed with the edge or other device articulations,thereby preventing payload spillage out of the air intake ports, aerosolflow outlet ports, bypass ports, etc. Such a configuration can alsoutilize, for example, an internal endcap or similar conformation on themouthpiece that will slidably abut the payload outlet port of thecartridge. In a closed position, therefore, the any or all of thevarious ports will be closed when the mouthpiece is slidably abutted tothe replaceable cartridge, thereby minimizing or eliminating payloadspillage from the internal cartridge payload volume. In certainembodiments, o-rings, rubber, silicon, etc. seals, edge geometry (forexample, a bevel), or cartridge material is pliable between theinterconnected members to sufficiently seal the cartridge from powderleakage at the inner and outer cartridge member interface.

Activation of Aerosolization and Delivery of Consumable Product

The aerosol generating device is any device capable of producing anaerosol of desired characteristics (i.e., particle size, airbornetime/suspension duration, emitted dose, etc.). In addition to theaerosol generating device, there may be a delivery device, such as anadditional airflow constraining device, a confined space in which theaerosol is contained, an air passage in an inhaler, a mouthpiece,airflow-directing elements, or other devices or structures, that enable,facilitate, or optimize the delivery of the aerosol to the subject'smouth. For example, FIGS. 4-10 illustrate the cartridge 114, which inmany embodiments serves as an aerosolizable food product container. Insome implementations, the cartridge 114 also incorporates anaerosol-generating device consisting primarily of a grating (not shown).In many embodiments, the cartridge 114 is connected to the mouthpiece112 with airflow-directing elements, where the mouthpiece serves as adelivery device.

By controlling gravitational and inertial forces, the airflow-directingelements found in some embodiments enable delivery of the aerosol cloudsubstantially to surfaces within the mouth (i.e., tongue, cheeks, etc.)rather than into the respiratory tract. This aspect of the technology ishighly relevant to a number of potential applications of aerosolizableproducts. Indeed the same such delivery device can make possibledelivery of a wide range of aerosol products, generated in a number ofdifferent ways, to a consumer, while minimizing or eliminating coughingand potential interactions with surfaces of the respiratory systembeyond the mouth.

The design of any of the devices described herein is configured for thereduction of the tendency to cough, gag, or otherwise react unfavorablyto an aerosolized product, and can be embodied in a variety of designsachieving the same function; The devices described herein are meant tobe exemplary.

Aerosolization and delivery of a product may occur by a variety of meansincluding, but not limited to, acts of respiration, device activation,bodily displacement, aerosol displacement and a combination thereof. Forexample, such acts may include the following: inhalation on amouthpiece, resulting in exposure of the aerosolizable product to theaerosol generating device and delivery of the aerosolized product to themouth; the activation of an ultrasound source, the actuation of a pump,the activation of a compressed air source, the activation of animpeller, the puncturing of a container, the opening of an air passage,that at least in part causes or helps to cause a product to aerosolize(the aerosol thus formed may be in a substantially confined space (e.g.,a spacer), or a substantially open space (e.g., as a “cloud” in air orin a confined structure)); respiration directed “on” or “toward” anaerosol (e.g., that is contained in a spacer device, freely floating asa cloud or contained within a larger structure), and that may befacilitated by the use of a straw, mouthpiece, or other apparatus,thereby leading to product deposition substantially in the mouth; an actof bodily displacement, such as walking or leaning (possibly inconjunction with a particular placement or positioning of the mouth,tongue, or other body part in a specific way), that exposes a subject'smouth to an aerosol cloud, or portion thereof, thereby leading toparticle deposition substantially in the mouth; an act of aerosoldisplacement caused by, for example, an air current, a thermal orpressure gradient, inertial impaction, diffusion, or gravity, thatbrings an aerosol cloud, or portion thereof, to a position so as toexpose a subject's mouth to the aerosol cloud, thereby leading toparticle deposition substantially in the mouth (even where aerosoldisplacement results in dilution of the particle concentration andspreading out the cloud); an additional act of device activation, deviceuse, space constraining, airflow confinement, etc., or of placement orpositioning of the mouth, lips, tongue, jaw, head, or other body part ina particular configuration, shape, etc.; other actions that help producethe proper aerosolization and/or delivery and/or tasting of theaerosolized product (e.g., use of a food straw, opening/closing of acontaining chamber, lifting of the tongue to divert airflow, etc.). Suchacts may be used to help reduce a tendency to cough, gag, or otherwisereact unfavorably to the aerosolized product.

Air flow of the device is moderated for user comfort and aerosolizingcapacity of the device. Optimal airflow can be dependent on factorsincluding payload, device design, air inlet port size and configuration,air bypass size and configuration, and overall size of the device.Generally, the device is designed for hand held use. In certainembodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus is configured to permita flow rate through the apparatus of between about five (5) liters perminute and about sixty (60) liters per minute at a vacuum pressure ofabout four kiloPascals. In certain embodiments the aerosolizing deliveryapparatus is configured for a flow rate through the apparatus of betweenabout ten (10) liters per minute and about thirty (30) liters per minuteat a vacuum pressure of about four kiloPascals. In certain embodimentsthe aerosolizing delivery apparatus is configured for a flow ratethrough the apparatus of between about fifteen (15) liters per minuteand about twenty-five (25) liters per minute at a vacuum pressure ofabout four kiloPascals. It may also be desirable to achieve flow ratesthat deliver a portion, or all of, the powder contained in the cartridgereservoir or volume in one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight,none, ten or more actuations, wherein an actuation is about a one to twosecond inhalation at about 4 kiloPascals of applied vacuum pressure. Incertain embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds ofinhalation, is between five and 10 percent of the starting quantity ofpowder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain embodiments, thepayload of delivered powder per actuation at 4 kiloPascals appliedvacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of inhalation, is between tenand twenty percent of the starting quantity of powder contained in thecartridge reservoir. In certain embodiments, the payload of deliveredpowder per actuation at 4 kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about1 to 2 seconds of inhalation, is between twenty and thirty percent ofthe starting quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. Incertain embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds ofinhalation, is between thirty and forty percent of the starting quantityof powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain embodiments,the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4 kiloPascals appliedvacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of inhalation, is between fortyand fifty percent of the starting quantity of powder contained in thecartridge reservoir. In certain embodiments, the payload of deliveredpowder per actuation at 4 kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about1 to 2 seconds of inhalation, is between fifty and sixty percent of thestarting quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. Incertain embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds ofinhalation, is between sixty and seventy percent of the startingquantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certainembodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds ofinhalation, is between seventy and eighty percent of the startingquantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certainembodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds ofinhalation, is between eighty and ninety percent of the startingquantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certainembodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds ofinhalation, is between ninety and one hundred percent of the startingquantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir.

All references to a powder, liquid, aerosol, cloud, particle, etc. madeherein may equivalently refer to some fraction or portion of the totalamount of the powder, liquid, aerosol, cloud, etc.

In some embodiments, the aerosolized product should be of a determinedsize, i.e., of sufficient size to limit entry into the respiratory tractbut of small enough size to allow for suspension in the air. In someembodiments, particle size may be a manufacturing requirement ofpre-atomized, generally solid products, for example the products placedinside the capsule/cap of certain embodiments, or certain dry productsused in association with an air pump or compressed air source. In someembodiments, particle size may be a requirement of theaerosol-generating device, for (generally liquid) products that are onlyatomized upon aerosol generation, for example the products used inassociation with ultrasound sources to produce an aerosol cloud.

In some embodiments, the predetermined, mean size of the aerosolizedproduct is at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50,55, 60, 70, 75, 80, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140,145, 150, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185, 190, 195, 200, 205, 210,215, 220, 225, 230, 235, 240, 245, 250, 255, 260, 265, 270, 275, 280,285, 290, 295, 300, 325, 350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 475, or 500 microns.In some embodiments, the predetermined, mean size of the aerosolizedproduct is less than 500, 450, 400, 350, 325, 300, 275, 250, 245, 240,235, 230, 225, 220, 215, 210, 205, 200, 195, 190, 185, 180, 175, 150,140, 130, 120, 110, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, or 10 micronsin size. Ranges intermediate to those recited above, e.g., about 50microns to about 215 microns, are also intended to be part of thisdisclosure. For example, ranges of values using a combination of any ofthe above recited values as upper and/or lower limits are intended to beincluded.

Especially, but not exclusively, in some embodiments in which intake isby inspiration or expiration, minimum particle size is an importantfeature of the approach. The food aerosol particles are designed to besubstantially delivered and deposited into the mouth, for example by theforces of gravity or inertial impaction, but to not be easily deliveredand deposited substantially further into the respiratory tract, forexample the trachea or lungs. Such consumable particles would thuspossess a size larger than that which focuses penetration into the lungs(i.e., larger than about 10 microns). For example, breath-activatedaerosolizing devices, such as the devices shown (in part or in whole) inthe figures, generate an aerosol that would fairly easily follow theinspired air toward the lungs were it not for the aerosol particles'larger size (and the delivery device's airflow-directing elements).

Especially, but not exclusively, in embodiments in which intake is bydisplacement of the subject or of the aerosol (e.g., with an aerosolcloud), maximum particle size is an important feature of the approach.Indeed, the aerosol cloud must remain suspended in air for at least abrief time so that displacement into the mouth can occur. Thus theparticles must not be so large such that they rapidly settle from theair. This will greatly depend on the force(s) and/or mechanism(s) bywhich the particles are held in the air (e.g., by “natural” forcesalone, such as inertia, diffusion, etc., or by additional forces, suchas an impeller, air currents, convection, etc.). Accordingly, in someembodiments, the particles should be less than about 500 microns undertypical suspension forces and mechanisms. For example, ultrasoundsources in liquid products can produce a standing aerosol cloud that, solong as convection is minimal, balances gravity, diffusion, inertialimpaction, and other forces, to stay suspended in the air.

The specific parameters of the apparatus and intake method will in partdetermine whether the subject is inhaling/exhaling or eating/sippingwhen intake of the aerosol occurs. This generally corresponds to (1)whether the aerosol is entering the subject's mouth and/or throat viabreathed air (physiologically, while the epiglottis is directing the airinto the trachea toward the lungs) or whether the aerosol is enteringthe subject's mouth by another method (such as displacement of theaerosol or of the subject), and (2) whether the subject's maneuver orexpectation is equivalent to the consumption of a food product to be(eventually) swallowed (e.g., as with the use of a drinking straw whiledrawing fluid into the mouth, before swallowing; physiologically, whilethe epiglottis is blocking passage to the trachea). In any case, itshould be further noted that the product, after deposition in the mouth,may be eventually swallowed and consumed essentially as any othertypical ingestible product.

In some cases, the aerosol may be carried via inhaled air that flows allthe way to the lungs, for example, like the inhalation a smoker mayhave, which carries air and smoke through/from the cigarette, into thelungs. In some cases, the aerosol may be carried via sucked air thatstops in the mouth, more like the approach used with a typical straw andbeverage, or with cigars. In some cases, elements of both approaches maybe suitable. This potential distinction may have important implicationsfor an aerosolizing device. For example, in the case in which theparticles are carried by air that continues directly to the lungs,preventing deposition of particles too far into the respiratory tract ismore dependent on the physical parameters of the particles, airflow,etc. In the case in which the particles are carried by air that issucked into the mouth, it may be possible to carry particles of meansizes, or with other properties, that would normally allow them toextend further than desirable into the respiratory system, but that, byvirtue of the airflow stopping before the lungs, have them fallsubstantially into the mouth anyway.

In some embodiments of the devices described herein, relatively dry,solid powders of appropriate size can be used as the product.Preliminary tests have shown that the water-solubility of the drypowders used plays a role in the taste and potential coughing reflexresulting from intake of the aerosolized product. For example, powdersof particles that tend to be more rapidly water-soluble, such as groundchocolate bars, or certain chocolate-based powders, give rise to agenerally pleasing reaction upon contact of the particles with thetongue and other surfaces within the mouth. In the case of groundchocolate bars, for example, the effect is in some cases similar to thatof sensing chocolate melt very rapidly in one's mouth. Conversely,particles that are less water-soluble, such as certainground-cocoa-based powder products, tend to be considered harsher andmore likely to elicit less pleasurable reactions, such as a dry-mouthsensation or coughing. However, in some instances, a combination of bothkinds of powders, in varying proportions, provides interesting flavorcomplexity.

Aerosol Powders

By designing a product payload form that can be aerosolized (particlesmuch larger than 500 microns fall quickly out of the air unlesssupported by an external force) and yet has sufficiently large particles(greater than approximately 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15 or 20 microns) suchthat few or no particles enter the lungs on inspiration, our technologyresults in oral deposition and oral/buccal delivery. Ideally, theparticles would be engineered and produced such that, for example, atleast about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about80%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 97%, or atleast about 99% of the particles deposit in the mouth and do not extendfurther into the respiratory tract.

Particle engineering can also account for reducing any tendency tocough, gag, or otherwise react unfavorably to the aerosol. For example,some payload formulations may result in a mouth feel/oral sensation thatis more pleasant with a range of particle sizes greater than about 50microns but less than 100 microns. Therefore, in particular embodiments,the range of particle sizes is engineered to the specific particlepayload formulation to optimize aerosolizablity, solubility, andmembrane transport.

Additionally, particle payload median size distribution can beengineered for good performance in a particular aerosolizing device. Forexample, in certain embodiments a particle size distribution of aparticular formulation for use in a disposable device may be numericallylarger or smaller than the same formulation for use in a disposablecartridge and/or than for use in an edible cartridge or device. In otherembodiments, the particle size distribution is chosen for required,maximal and/or consistent payload delivery per actuation of a particulardevice. For example, a single device or cartridge may be designed forcarrying any class of formulations (i.e., a pharmaceutical, an OTC, anenergy supplement, etc.), but the particle size distribution andformulation of different payloads results in different payload deliveryamounts per actuation of the same device.

Dry powder particles can be created through a number of differentmethods. For example, certain products including food products bedehydrated, freeze dried, lyophilized, etc. Alternatively or inaddition, where the food is a more malleable or liquid based food, thefood may be frozen first to facilitate subsequent grinding or chopping.The food product may subsequently be ground to form particles (e.g.,food particles) of the appropriate size. Grinding of the products can beperformed by use of a mortar and pestle. Alternatively or in addition,products may be chopped, for example using a mechanical or electricalgrinder, knives, etc. The resulting ground or chopped particles cansubsequently be filtered through sieves (for example by hand, using anelectrical or mechanical sieve shaker, by an air classification system,by a screening system, etc.) to achieve the appropriate particle size.Another approach is to use a powder mill that grinds down largerparticles into pre-defined sizes. Spray drying, in which a mixture ofwater and the material to be dried is forced through a nozzle into ahigh-temperature drum, instantly evaporating the water droplets clingingto the material, may also be utilized. These methods, in addition toothers, would allow for the creation of specifically sized particlescapable of being aerosolized, but large enough not to pass easilythrough the mouth and throat and continue into the respiratory tract.

These dry powder particles could be created from a single product oringredient of a composition, such as chocolate, coffee, or truffles, orfrom a combination of foods or ingredients, such as combinationsrepresentative of an entire dish or meal (e.g., mixed fruits, pizza,pastry, meat and potatoes, etc.). In the case of chocolate, chocolatebars, chocolate powder, cocoa powder, and other forms and varieties offoods derived from the cocoa plant may be used. In addition, in somecases, spices and other (natural or artificial) flavorings may be usedalone or in combination with such food ingredients to create othertastes or sensations (e.g., natural or artificial chocolate, raspberry,mango, mint, vanilla, cinnamon, caramel, and/or coffee flavors).Additionally, the apparatus may contain a single dose of food product ormultiple doses/portions of the food product. In addition, they may bemade from largely liquid products, for example by extracting dissolvedsolids or using other solid components. In some embodiments, flavors canbe experienced while using less of the actual product compared to normalingestion. In addition, by mixing different powders, new flavors can becreated.

Depending on the food product(s) and device(s) used, the food productmay be stored and/or contained in the form of a tablet or pill, in ablister pack, within a capsule, as simply a powder in a jar-likecontainer, and/or in a tray, box, container, thermos, bottle, etc.

In some embodiments, it is possible to deliver odors using appropriatelydesigned and appropriately sized particles, which may be utilizedindependently or in addition to embodiments described herein, i.e., inaddition to delivery of aerosolized food product so as to enhance theaesthetic experience.

“Food product”, “aerosol”, “particle”, and other similar terms are usedthroughout this document, and though they may typically refer to smallsolid particles derived from foods, these terms may in some cases referto any of the other edible products including, but not limited to, afood product, an energy supplement, a pharmaceutical compound, anover-the-counter pharmaceutical compound, a nutraceutical, a sleep-aidcompound, a weight-loss compound, an oral health compound, etc.

Applications

Our apparatus can transform how ingestible aerosolizable payloads areexperienced, allowing for an enhanced delivery and performance ofingestible products. For example, medicines can be delivered moreeffectively, and by having larger surface area to volume in theaerosolized payload, are likely to be transported through membranebarriers at higher kinetic efficiencies. Additionally, for food-basedpayloads, the aerosolizing apparatus can allow subjects to experiencefood either individually with hand held devices, or expose themselvesto, for example, rooms filled with aerosolized clouds of variousflavorings. The devices described herein can be applicable for compoundsused for weight loss, OTC and pharmaceutical compound delivery (forexample, allergy medicines, cold and flu medicines, etc.),nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, energy supplements, etc.

In some embodiments, the devices and methods described can allowsubjects to experience food by exposing themselves to aerosolized foodvia individual, hand-held, and/or portable devices. In some embodiments,our technology may be used in and/or associated with social contextssimilar to candy eating or cigarette smoking. For example, someembodiments may be carried about and used at various points throughoutthe day, or used simultaneously by multiple users.

In addition, the apparatus can serve to provide nutrition to subjectseither who are incapable of chewing or for whom delivery of food is notconvenient. For example, the particle delivery apparatus may be usefulfor elderly or young children, for whom chewing or feeding isinconvenient. In addition, individuals with medical conditions thatrequire them to be fed in particular ways (e.g., by a feeding tube orintravenously) may use certain embodiments of this invention as a way toexperience and taste food again.

In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing apparatus can serve tofacilitate the intake of medication that may not be of a pleasurabletaste. If used in conjunction with delivery of the medication, e.g.orally, the apparatus can provide an additional flavor that masks theflavor of the medication.

In some embodiments, the aerosolizing apparatus described herein may beused for weight control or addiction mitigation applications. Forexample, the aerosolizing apparatus can allow for subjects to consumerelatively small or negligible quantities of food products or certainunhealthy or addictive substances, and the exposure to the particles(e.g., food particles, weight loss, nutraceuticals, etc.) via theapparatus may provide a sensation or satisfaction normally associatedwith the consumption of a larger quantity of the food or substance inquestion, thereby potentially satisfying hunger or addictive urgeswithout the (potentially negative) consequences of actually consuminglarger amounts of the substance(s). In some cases, this may be due tothe higher surface area of the food product exposed to surfaces of themouth, for example exposed to taste receptors, relative to the overallquantity (e.g., mass) of food product. Indeed, the particle deliveryapparatus may form a basis for dieting, weight control and healthyeating programs (for example, by satisfying cravings for sweets, fattyfoods, chocolate and caffeine) and addiction treatment (for example, bysatisfying urges for alcohol, smoking, drugs but in much smaller, lessharmful amounts).

Additionally, the particle delivery apparatus can serve as a means fortaste-testing a number of items in a simple and efficient way. Forexample, a patron at a restaurant can taste test various dishes on themenu before making a selection. Additionally, chefs may use the particledelivery apparatus to test combinations of foods while cooking ordesigning a recipe. Similarly, the apparatus may serve as an aid incooking lessons, as an international “dining” experience for a subject,as a way to teach children about food, etc. In addition, the particledelivery apparatus may be used to improve quality of life, for example,with respect to individuals subject to special dietary restrictions

Other useful applications of the particle delivery apparatus include,but are not limited to hunger relief (e.g., in the emergency conditionsof a famine) and for animal feedings.

Terms and phrases including “inhalable”, “exhalable”, “inhalation”,“exhalation”, “breathable”, “respiration”, “respirable”, “aspiration”,“inspiration”, “expiration”, “sip”, “sipping”, “sucking”, and others,have been used throughout this disclosure—or could have been used, asexact or approximate equivalents—to describe certain aspects of thedisclosed embodiments. It should be noted that the definitions of eachof these terms and phrases must be understood based on context and otherrelevant information herein. The precise definitions as understood incertain fields (e.g., medicine, anatomy, mechanical engineering, etc.)may not always be applicable in part or in whole.

Throughout the disclosure, “mouthpiece” and “first member” have beenused interchangeably to describe function and/or structure of thecomponents of the aerosolizing device described herein, and should beunderstood as being interchangeable for the descriptions as provided.

In addition, throughout this disclosure, “aerosol”, and similar terms(including singular and plural usages), are intended to refer to “agaseous suspension of fine solid or liquid particles” (“aerosol” asdefined in the American Heritage Dictionary online, 2011). For example,a dry powder that can be suspended in an air flow and transported viathe airflow, as with the devices and payloads described herein, isconsidered to be within this definition. As another example, a pluralityof liquid droplets substantially suspended in air as the result ofultrasonic agitation of a liquid, is also considered to be within thisdefinition. Other examples of aerosols, and other relevant uses of suchterms, would be evident to those skilled in the art; these examples anddefinition are therefore meant as clarification and in no way areintended to limit the scope or applicability of the terms as usedherein.

EXAMPLES Example 1

FIG. 30 shows a sprung door covering element 2910 which is used toenclose a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradable cartridge and serveas the abutting member to the first member or mouthpiece of anaerosolizing apparatus. Lever 2920 comprises a hole 2970 which is offcenter (e.g., not aligned with the outlet port of the cartridge) whenthe lever is in the unactuated, closed position. When pressed towardsthe body of the cartridge 2910 (actuated), lever member 2920 aligns thehole 2970 with the outlet port of the cartridge. Members 2980 can beseparate spring members or spring portions integral with the lever 2920as would be found with a living hinge.

Example 2

FIGS. 31a and 31b illustrate a replaceable cartridge 3010 with a sealingor closing mechanism 3020 in an aerosolizing delivery apparatus. Theapparatus comprises a first member (or mouthpiece) 3000 detachablyconnected to a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradable cartridge 3010that contains aerosolizable powder. A deflection member 3050 is locatedon an end of the first member 3000 opposed to the cartridge 3010 and isconfigured to redirect aerosolized particles to the sides of a user'smouth upon actuation of the apparatus. The air intake ports 3030 andaerosol flow outlet port 3040 direct aerosolized powder towards thedeflection member 3050. In the closed configuration shown in FIGS. 30aand b, the slide lever 3020 covers the outlet port, preventing air fromflowing into the chamber through air intake port 3030, and preventspowder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge throughoutlet port 3040. FIG. 30b shows a cartridge and slide lever in the openposition, with outlet port 3040 uncovered. Slide lever 3020 is designedto be sprung or passive, and has an end that protrudes outward from theapparatus to permit manual actuation between the closed configurationand the open configuration.

Example 3

FIGS. 32a-32d illustrate a replaceable cartridge 3110 with a sealing orclosing door 3180 actuated by a separate lever mechanism 3120 in anaerosolizing delivery apparatus. The apparatus comprises a first member(or mouthpiece) 3100 detachably connected to a replaceable, edibleand/or biodegradable cartridge 3110 that contains aerosolizable powder.The air intake ports 3130 and aerosol flow outlet port 3170 directaerosolized powder towards the mouthpiece 3100. In the closedconfiguration shown in FIGS. 32 a and 32 b, the door or cover 3180overlies the cartridge outlet port 3170 and prevents air from flowinginto the first member chamber through air intake port 3130 and preventspowder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge throughoutlet port 3170. FIGS. 32c and 32d shows the cartridge 3110 with thedoor 3180 in the open position, in which the door is pushed away fromthe cartridge outlet port 3170 by the lever mechanism 3120, leaving theoutlet port 3170 uncovered. The door 3180 may pivot or bend to achievethe configuration shown in FIGS. 30c and 30 d. The closing/opening lever3120 is designed to be sprung or passive, and lockable in the openposition. An end of the lever 3120 protrudes outward from the apparatusto permit manual actuation between the closed configuration and the openconfiguration.

Example 4

FIGS. 33a and 33b illustrate a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradablecartridge 3210 with a sealing or closing door 3220 actuated by aseparate post configuration in an aerosolizing delivery apparatus 3200.The apparatus comprises a first member (or mouthpiece) 3200 detachablyconnected to a replaceable cartridge 3210 that contains aerosolizablepowder. A deflection member 3250 is located on an end of the firstmember 3200 opposed to the cartridge 3210 and is configured to redirectaerosolized particles to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation ofthe apparatus. In the closed configuration shown in FIGS. 33 a, the dooror cover 3220 obstructs an outlet port of the cartridge 3210, and thusprevents air from flowing into the chamber through air intake ports andprevents powder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridgethrough outlet port. In some embodiments, the door or cover 3220 is aflap formed integrally with a top surface of the cartridge. FIG. 33bshows the cartridge 3210 with the door 3220 in the open position wherebythe outlet port is uncovered. The door 3220 is opened by moving thefirst member 3200 toward the cartridge 3210 whereby the post 3240provided in the first member 3200 urges the door 3220 into the openconfiguration. The closing/opening lever is designed to be sprung orpassive, and lockable in the open position.

Example 5

FIGS. 34a and 34b illustrate a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradablecartridge 3310 with a sealing or closing door 3360 actuated by a livinghinge mechanism in an aerosolizing delivery apparatus 3300. Theapparatus comprises a first member (or mouthpiece) 3300 detachablyconnected to a replaceable cartridge 3310 that contains aerosolizablepowder. A deflection member 3350 is located on an end of the firstmember 3300 opposed to the cartridge 3310 and is configured to redirectaerosolized particles to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation ofthe apparatus. In the closed configuration shown in FIG. 34 a, the dooror cover is disposed on an outer surface of the cartridge, and preventsair from flowing into the chamber through air intake ports 3330 andprevents powder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridgethrough outlet port 3340. FIG. 34b shows a cartridge 3310 and door 3360in the open position, with outlet port uncovered. The closing/openinglever is designed to be sprung or passive with button or lever 3320, andlockable in the open position. An end of the lever 3320 protrudesoutward from the apparatus to permit manual actuation between the closedconfiguration and the open configuration.

Example 6

FIGS. 35a and 35b illustrate a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradablecartridge 3410 with a sealing one way duck bill valve 3420, actuated bya digital manipulation, in an aerosolizing delivery apparatus 3400. Theapparatus comprises a first member (or mouthpiece) 3400 detachablyconnected to a replaceable cartridge 3410 that contains aerosolizablepowder. A deflection member 3450 is located on an end of the firstmember 3400 opposed to the cartridge 3410 and is configured to redirectaerosolized particles to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation ofthe apparatus. In the closed configuration shown in FIG. 35 a, the valveprevents air from flowing from the chamber through outlet ports, andprevents powder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge.FIG. 35b shows a cross sectional view of the cartridge 3410 and valve3420 in the closed position, with outlet port uncovered. Theclosing/opening actuation is achieved by squeezing the ends of the valvethrough the side opening 3415 of the cartridge as seen in FIG. 35 a.

Example 7

FIGS. 36a and 36b illustrate a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradablecartridge 3610 with a sealing one way dual flapper valve 3620, actuatedby inhalation/inspiration, in an aerosolizing delivery apparatus 3600.The apparatus comprises a first member (or mouthpiece) 3650 detachablyconnected to a replaceable cartridge 3610 that contains aerosolizablepowder. A deflection member 3650 is located on an end of the firstmember 3600 opposed to the cartridge 3610 and is configured to redirectaerosolized particles to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation ofthe apparatus. In the closed configuration, the valve 3620 prevents airfrom flowing from the chamber through outlet ports 3640, and preventspowder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge. FIG. 36bshows an underside (or cartridge) view of the bottom 3510 and bottomflapper valve 3622 in the closed position, with outlet port 3640covered.

Example 8

FIG. 37 shows a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradable cartridge witha post-in-hole sealing or closing mechanism in an aerosolizing deliveryapparatus. The apparatus comprises a first member (or mouthpiece) 3700detachably connected to a replaceable cartridge 3710 that containsaerosolizable powder. A deflection member 3750 is located on an end ofthe first member 3700 opposed to the cartridge 3710 and is configured toredirect aerosolized particles to the sides of a user's mouth uponactuation of the apparatus. The air intake ports 3708 and aerosol flowoutlet port 3740 direct aerosolized powder towards the deflection member3750. The cartridge 3710 includes a cartridge inner member 3704 and anouter member 3706, which are slidably connected. In the openconfiguration shown in FIGS. 37c and 37 d, the inner member 3704telescopes upward and partially out of the outer member 3706, wherebythe cartridge outlet port 3740 is open. The inner member 3704 slidesrelative to the outer member 3706 such that pushing the outer member3706 up into the inner member 3704 brings a free end of the post 3720into outlet port 3740, whereby the cartridge is in the closed closedconfiguration, and the outlet port 3740 is sealed. The post-in-holeconfiguration prevents air from flowing into the chamber of the firstmember through air intake port 3708 by covering the opening to the airintake portal with the upper edge of outer member 3706. A closedorientation prevents powder from becoming aerosolized and exiting thecartridge through outlet port 3740 or spilled from the air inlet ports3708. FIG. 37b and d shows a cross sectional view of cartridge 3710 andpost orientation in the closed (FIG. 37 b.) and open (FIG. 37d )positions. Also shown in FIG. 37c are orientation guides 3730 for theslidable member, which also aid in attaching the cartridge to themouthpiece.

Example 9

FIG. 38 illustrates an example of an aerosolizing apparatus 4000. Theapparatus includes a first member (or mouthpiece) 4600 detachablyconnected to a mounting carriage 4050 that supports a replaceable,edible and/or biodegradable cartridge 4020 that contains aerosolizablepowder. A deflection member is located on a first end of the firstmember 4600 opposed to the mounting carriage 4050 and is configured toredirect aerosolized particles to the sides of a user's mouth uponactuation of the apparatus. Mounting carriage 4050 connects with themouthpiece or first member 4600 with dowels, pins, prongs, magnets,etc., 4030. Openings 4040 can be present in the bottom of the mountingcarriage 4050 when using edible cartridges 4020. Edible cartridges canhave at least one outlet port 4060, be sized to be press fit into thefirst member 4600, and/or be held in place adjoining the first member4600 by the mounting carriage 4050. In certain examples, puncture prongsare mounted to a carrying case designed to carry the apparatus with orwithout at least one edible cartridge. The prongs mounted to the caseare then used to create small air inlet holes 4040 in the ediblecartridge 4020 by puncturing the bottom of the edible cartridge 4020.The holes 4040 in the bottom of the mounting carriage can be used toalign the cartridge 4020 with the prongs in the carrying case. Themounting carriage and edible cartridge are then detachably connected tothe mouthpiece, wherein a user inhales pre-loaded powder via the firstmember. In addition to inhalation, the user can eat the edible cartridgefor a full flavor experience. For example, candies and chocolates can bepress molded into a cartridge, breads or crusts can be used forcartridge material and loaded with lyophilized or freeze dried powdersprocessed from, for example, sandwiches, pizzas, meats, etc.

What is claimed is:
 1. A cartridge configured to be detachably connectedto a delivery device, the cartridge comprising: a housing defining areservoir and a cartridge outlet, the cartridge outlet configured topermit fluid communication between the reservoir and an exterior of thecartridge, wherein a surface of the housing is configured to define abypass port between the housing and a surface of the delivery devicewhen the cartridge is assembled with the delivery device.
 2. Thecartridge of claim 1, wherein, when connected to the delivery device,the cartridge outlet is configured to be in fluid communication with aninlet of the delivery device. 15
 3. The cartridge of claim 1, whereinthe housing defines a cartridge inlet that is in fluid communicationwith air exterior to the device.
 4. The cartridge of claim 3, whereinthe cartridge inlet is defined by a junction of the cartridge and asurface of the delivery device.
 5. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein thecartridge inlet is in fluid communication with an interior space of thedelivery device.
 6. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the cartridgecomprises a closing mechanism operatively connected to at least one ofthe cartridge inlet and the cartridge outlet.
 7. The cartridge of claim6, wherein the closing mechanism is at least one of a post-in-holestructure, a spring-actuated door, a slide lever, a living hinge, a flapvalve, a unidirectional valve, or combinations thereof.
 8. The cartridgeof claim 6, further comprising an actuator operatively connected to theclosing mechanism.
 9. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridgecomprises an inner member, and an outer member slidably interconnectedto the inner member to define the reservoir.
 10. The cartridge of claim9, wherein the housing defines a cartridge inlet that is in fluidcommunication with air exterior to the device, and wherein the innermember is movable relative to the outer member, between a first positionwherein at least one of the cartridge air inlet and the cartridge outletare open, and a second position wherein at least one of the cartridgeair inlet and the cartridge outlet are closed.
 11. The cartridge ofclaim 10, wherein movement of the inner member relative to the outermember actuates the at least one of an air inlet closing mechanism andan outlet closing mechanism.
 12. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein thecartridge is detachably connected to the delivery device by a mountingcarriage, a press fit, a magnetic retaining mechanism, a twistmechanism, a snap mechanism, a screw mechanism, a bayonet mountmechanism, or combinations thereof.
 13. The cartridge of claim 1,wherein the cartridge reservoir has a volume capacity of between aboutten (10) milligrams to about two (2) grams of a product.
 14. Thecartridge of claim 1, wherein, when connected to the delivery device,the cartridge and delivery device cooperate to provide a flow rate ofbetween about ten (10) liters per minute and about sixty (60) liters perminute at a vacuum pressure of about four kiloPascals.
 15. The cartridgeof claim 1, wherein the reservoir has a variable volume.
 16. Thecartridge of claim 1, comprising: a delivery device connection portionand a base portion assembled with the delivery device connection portionto define the reservoir within the cartridge, the delivery deviceconnection portion being movable relative to the base portion between afirst position in which the reservoir has a first volume, and a secondposition in which the reservoir has a second volume, wherein when thecartridge is in the first position, the cartridge outlet is open so asto permit fluid communication between the reservoir and the exterior ofthe cartridge via the cartridge outlet, and when the cartridge is in thesecond position, the cartridge outlet is closed.
 17. The cartridge ofclaim 1, wherein the cartridge is at least one of edible orbiodegradable.
 18. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridge isbiodegradable and is formed of at least one of a polyester, apolyhydroxyalkanoate, a polyanhydride, a polycaprolactone, apolydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, a polyhydroxybutyrate, a polylacticacid, a polypropylene carbonate, a polylactic-co-glycolic acid, apoly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), a polyvinyl alcohol, astarch derivative, a cellulose derivative, a cellulose ester, acellophane, an enhanced biodegradable plastic, compositional variantsthereof, or combinations thereof.
 19. A cartridge configured to bedetachably connected to a delivery device, the cartridge comprising: ahousing defining a reservoir; an outlet configured to permit fluidcommunication between the reservoir and an exterior of the cartridge anda closer disposed on the housing, the closer movable between a firstposition in which the outlet is open such that fluid communicationexists between the reservoir and the exterior of the cartridge, and asecond position in which the outlet is closed, wherein a surface of thehousing is configured to define a bypass port between the housing and asurface of the delivery device when the cartridge is assembled with thedelivery device.
 20. The cartridge of claim 19, wherein the housingincludes a first end configured to be connected to the delivery device,a second end opposed to the first end, and a sidewall extending betweenthe first end and the second end, the outlet is defined in the firstend, and the closer comprises a door, the door including a cover portionthat overlies at least a portion of the first end, an actuating portionthat extends from the cover portion and protrudes outward from thecartridge in a direction normal to the sidewall, and a spring mechanismdisposed between the actuating portion and the sidewall, the springmechanism biasing the door toward the second position.
 21. The cartridgeof claim 19, wherein the closer comprises an umbrella valve thatoverlies the outlet.
 22. The cartridge of claim 19, wherein the closercomprises a cover plate that overlies the outlet, the cover plateincluding a cover plate opening, and the cover plate is rotatablyconnected to the housing in a manner such that when the cover plate isin the first position the cover plate opening is aligned with theoutlet, and when the cover plate is in the second position the coverplate opening is not aligned with the outlet.
 23. The cartridge of claim19, wherein the housing includes a connection portion that is configuredto be detachably connected to the delivery device, the connectionportion including a first end having the outlet opening, and a firstsidewall about the first end, and a base portion including a second end,and a second sidewall about the second end, wherein the closer extendsfrom the second end in parallel with the second sidewall and with atleast a portion of the closer inside the second sidewall, the connectionportion is engaged with the base portion to define the reservoir, andthe connection portion is movable relative to the base portion betweenthe first position in which the closer is spaced apart from the outlet,and the second position in which the closer resides within the outlet.24. A cartridge for a delivery device, the cartridge comprising: aconnection portion configured to be detachably connected to the deliverydevice, the connection portion including a first end having an outlet,and a first sidewall disposed about the first end, and a base portion,the base portion including a second end, a second sidewall disposedabout the second end, and a post extending from the second end inparallel with the second sidewall so that at least a portion of the postis surrounded by the second sidewall, wherein the connection portion isengaged with the base portion to define a reservoir between the firstend and the second end, and the connection portion is movable relativeto the base portion between a first position in which the outlet is opensuch that fluid communication exists between the reservoir and theexterior of the cartridge, and a second position in which the post ispositioned within the outlet so as to close the outlet.
 25. Thecartridge of claim 24, wherein an outer surface of the connectionportion is configured to define a bypass port between the connectionportion and a surface of the delivery device when the cartridge isassembled with the delivery device.
 26. The cartridge of claim 24,wherein the reservoir has a variable volume.
 27. The cartridge of claim24, wherein the connection portion is engaged with the base portion suchthat when the connection portion is in the first position, an air inletis formed between the connection portion and the base portion.